rss_2.0Sciendo RSS Feed for Asian Biomedicinehttps://sciendo.com/journal/ABMhttps://www.sciendo.comhttps://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/6470662b83f1392090d68b7d/cover-image.jpghttps://sciendo.com/journal/ABM140216https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/abm-2023-0065<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <sec><title style='display:none'>Background</title> <p>Hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelet count (HELLP) syndrome is generally considered to be a variant or complication of preeclampsia. It is a life-threatening obstetric complication.</p> </sec> <sec><title style='display:none'>Objectives</title> <p>To evaluate the immunohistochemistry and ultrastructural of syncytiotrophoblastand Hoffbauer cells in placental villi of patients with HELLP syndrome.</p> </sec> <sec><title style='display:none'>Methods</title> <p>Two groups of patients with a total of 50 full-term human placentas (n = 25 in each group) were assigned as the control (normotensive) and HELLP syndrome. Placental tissue samples were fixed in 10% neutral formalin and paraffin-embedding protocol was performed. We prepared 5 μm sections for histological and immunohistochemical staining. Sections were immunostained with Hoffbauer cell marker CD68. For transmission electron microscopy (TEM), placental tissue samples were fixed in 2.5% buffered glutaraldehyde and then, in 1% osmium tetroxide for routine ultrastructural examinations.</p> </sec> <sec><title style='display:none'>Results</title> <p>When the HELLP group fetal placental sections were examined, intracytoplasmic edema in syncytiotrophoblast, degenerative vacuoles, and degenerative findings on cell surface membranes were observed. Moreover, villous edema was remarkable. The number of CD68-positive Hoffbauer cells per villus control group sections was 0.23 ± 0.02 and the number of CD68-positive cells per villus in HELLP group placenta sections was 0.83 ± 0.12. The increase in the number of Hoffbauer cells per villus in the HELLP group was significant (<italic>P</italic> &lt; 0.001). Compared with the control group, there was a significant increase in the number of Hoffbauer cells and syncytiotrophoblasts in the HELLP group, and degenerative changes were also observed in the ultrastructure of these cells.</p> </sec> <sec><title style='display:none'>Conclusions</title> <p>Pathology of the HELLP syndrome is in relation to CD68-positive placental macrophages.</p> </sec> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/abm-2023-00652023-10-26T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/abm-2023-0062<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <sec><title style='display:none'>Background</title> <p>Enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) is provided by a noninvasive device positively affecting cardiovascular function via mechanisms called diastolic augmentation and systolic unloading. The renal aspects of EECP therapy have not been extensively investigated.</p> </sec> <sec><title style='display:none'>Objectives</title> <p>To assess the effect of EECP on renal function and to determine the application in patients with kidney disease.</p> </sec> <sec><title style='display:none'>Methods</title> <p>MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCOPUS, and Cochrane CENTRAL databases were searched for all studies involving EECP treatments. The title and abstract of all searched literatures were screened, and those focusing on renal outcome or conducting in kidney disease patients were selected.</p> </sec> <sec><title style='display:none'>Results</title> <p>Eight studies were included in the qualitative analysis. EECP increases stroke volume, mean arterial pressure, renal artery blood flow, renal plasma flow, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), plasma atrial natriuretic peptide, urine volume, and urinary sodium chloride excretion, but reduces the plasma concentration of renin and endothelin-1 in healthy subjects. A single session of EECP after radioactive contrast exposure could provide increased contrast clearance, and this reduces contrast-induced kidney injury in patients, irrespective of previous kidney function. Thirty-five-hour sessions of EECP treatment were illustrated to increase long-term estimated GFR in patients with chronic angina and heart failure. In cirrhotic patients, EECP fails to improve GFR and renal vascular resistance. EECP device could maintain blood pressure, decrease angina symptoms, and increase cardiac perfusion in hemodialysis patients.</p> </sec> <sec><title style='display:none'>Conclusion</title> <p>EECP treatment potentially increases renal perfusion and prevents kidney injury in several conditions. EECP possibly provides beneficial effects on hemodynamics and cardiac function in hemodialysis patients.</p> </sec> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/abm-2023-00622023-10-26T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/abm-2023-0063<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <sec><title style='display:none'>Background</title> <p>Owing to the growing global demand for organ replacement and tissue regeneration, three-dimensional (3D) printing is widely recognized as an essential technology in tissue engineering. Biomaterials become a potential source of raw materials for printing ink by containing factors that promote tissue regeneration. Platelet concentrates are autologous biological products that are capable of doing that.</p> </sec> <sec><title style='display:none'>Objectives</title> <p>This study was carried out to create bioinks capable of providing biological signals by combining gelatin–alginate with platelet concentrates.</p> </sec> <sec><title style='display:none'>Methods</title> <p>This study combined platelet concentrates, including platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), with gelatin and alginate to create bioinks. Bioink properties, including gelatinization and pH, were assessed before printing. After that, the scaffolds were done, and the growth factor (GF) release and cytotoxicity from these scaffolds were performed.</p> </sec> <sec><title style='display:none'>Results</title> <p>Results showed that all the three bioinks, including alginate–gelatin (AG), alginate–gelatin-PRP (AGP), and alginate–gelatin-PRF (AGF) were gelatinized right at the end of bioink fabrication and had a pH around 7. The scaffolds from bioinks supplemented with platelet concentrates secreted GFs that remained for 12 d, and the extracts from them were not cytotoxic for the L929 cell line.</p> </sec> <sec><title style='display:none'>Conclusion</title> <p>In summary, bioinks were made by combining AG with platelet concentrates and had properties suitable for creating scaffolds with cell-oriented grafts in the development of artificial tissues and organs.</p> </sec> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/abm-2023-00632023-10-26T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/abm-2023-0066<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <sec><title style='display:none'>Background</title> <p>Congenital pulmonary hypoplasia (CPH) is a rare pulmonary disease featured by incomplete development of pulmonary tissues. Its diagnosis is still a challenge as patients are usually misdiagnosed as atelectasis.</p> </sec> <sec><title style='display:none'>Case presentation</title> <p>A female neonate was admitted to our hospital due to post-birth jaundice for 12 hrs. Physical examination showed accelerated breathing. There was no respiratory sound in the left lung. Chest film indicated decline of lucency in the left lung. Chest CT scan indicated absence of left lung and primary bronchus of the left lung. The boundary between left mediastinum was not clearly displayed. Three-dimensional CT scan indicated absence of left lung and left principal bronchus. Cardiac ultrasonography confirmed congenital heart disease. She showed ectopic kidney. Finally, she was diagnosed with CPH concurrent with congenital heart disease and ectopic kidney.</p> </sec> <sec><title style='display:none'>Conclusions</title> <p>On 17-month follow-up visit, the patient is still survived, but she presents with obstruction in ventilation function.</p> </sec> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/abm-2023-00662023-10-26T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/abm-2023-0061ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/abm-2023-00612023-10-26T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/abm-2023-0064<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <sec><title style='display:none'>Background</title> <p>Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has a poor prognosis and usually presents resistance against radiotherapy. MEK inhibitors have been proven to possess a radiosensitization effect. The compound KZ-001 as a particular MEK inhibitor is superior to the listed MEK inhibitor AZD6244.</p> </sec> <sec><title style='display:none'>Objective</title> <p>To investigate whether KZ-001 could enhance the radiosensitivity of NSCLC cell lines in vitro.</p> </sec> <sec><title style='display:none'>Methods</title> <p>MTT and colony formation assay were used to evaluate the radiosensitivity effect of KZ-001. Immunofluorescence, cell cycle, apoptosis staining, and western blot experiments were used to explore the radiosensitivity mechanism.</p> </sec> <sec><title style='display:none'>Results</title> <p>KZ-001 significantly decreased A549 cell viability at 6 Gy and 8 Gy radiation doses and caused the radiosensitivity at 1 Gy, 4 Gy, and 6 Gy in colony formation experiments. The A549 apoptosis ratio induced by irradiation (IR) combined with KZ-001 increased significantly in comparison with that by IR monotherapy (10.57% vs. 6.23%, <italic>P</italic> = 0.0055). The anti-apoptosis marker Bcl-XL was found downregulated in KZ-001 and IR-treated A549/H460 cells, but apoptosis marker Bax was downregulated in H460. Extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK1/2) phosphorylation of H460 cells could be blocked both by IR alone and IR combined with KZ-001. IR combined with KZ-001 is able to inhibit ERK activation of A549 cells apparently. KZ-001 increased the proportion of G2 phase in irradiated cells from 21.24% to 32.22%. KZ-001 could also significantly increase the double-strand break damage cell ratio to more than 30% compared to the irradiation alone group.</p> </sec> <sec><title style='display:none'>Conclusions</title> <p>MEK1/2 inhibitor KZ-001 is a potential radiosensitizer for clinical applications.</p> </sec> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/abm-2023-00642023-10-26T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/abm-2023-0058<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <sec><title style='display:none'>Background</title> <p>Coenzyme Q (CoQ) might be the main site of interaction with propofol on the mitochondrial respiratory chain in the propofol infusion syndrome (PRIS) because of the structural similarity between coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) and propofol.</p> </sec> <sec><title style='display:none'>Aim</title> <p>To investigate the effects of CoQ10 on survival and organ injury in a PRIS model in rabbits.</p> </sec> <sec><title style='display:none'>Methods</title> <p>Sixteen male New Zealand white rabbits were divided into 4 groups: (1) propofol infusion group, (2) propofol infusion and CoQ10, 100 mg/kg was administered intravenously, (3) sevoflurane inhalation was administered, and (4) sevoflurane inhalation and CoQ10, 100 mg/kg intravenously, was administered. Arterial blood gas and biochemical analyses were repeated every 2 h and every 12 h, respectively. Animals that were alive on the 24th hour after anesthesia induction were euthanized. The organ damages were investigated under light and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).</p> </sec> <sec><title style='display:none'>Results</title> <p>The propofol infusion group had the highest troponin T levels when compared with the other three groups at the 12th hour. The propofol + CoQ10 group had lower troponin T levels when compared with the propofol and sevoflurane groups (<italic>P</italic> &lt; 0.05). Administration of CoQ10 decreased total liver injury scores and total organ injury scores both in the propofol and sevoflurane groups. The propofol and sevoflurane organ toxicities were attenuated with CoQ10 in liver, gallbladder, urinary bladder, and spleen.</p> </sec> <sec><title style='display:none'>Conclusion</title> <p>The addition of CoQ10 to propofol and sevoflurane anesthesia prevented the propofol-associated increase in troponin T levels at the 12th hour of infusion and decreased anesthetic-induced total liver and organ injury scores.</p> </sec> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/abm-2023-00582023-10-18T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/abm-2023-0055ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/abm-2023-00552023-10-18T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/abm-2023-0059<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <sec><title style='display:none'>Background</title> <p><italic>STAT3</italic>, a pleiotropic transcription factor, plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of autoimmunity, cancer, and many aspects of the immune system, as well as having a link with inflammatory bowel disease. Changes caused by non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (nsSNPs) have the potential to damage the protein's structure and function.</p> </sec> <sec><title style='display:none'>Objective</title> <p>We identified disease susceptible single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in <italic>STAT3</italic> and predicted structural changes associated with mutants that disrupt normal protein–protein interactions using different computational algorithms.</p> </sec> <sec><title style='display:none'>Methods</title> <p>Several <italic>in silico</italic> tools, such as SIFT, PolyPhen v2, PROVEAN, PhD-SNP, and SNPs&amp;GO, were used to determine nsSNPs of the <italic>STAT3</italic>. Further, the potentially deleterious SNPs were evaluated using I-Mutant, ConSurf, and other computational tools like DynaMut for structural prediction.</p> </sec> <sec><title style='display:none'>Result</title> <p>417 nsSNPs of <italic>STAT3</italic> were identified, 6 of which are considered deleterious by <italic>in silico</italic> SNP prediction algorithms. Amino acid changes in V507F, R335W, E415K, K591M, F561Y, and Q32K were identified as the most deleterious nsSNPs based on the conservation profile, structural conformation, relative solvent accessibility, secondary structure prediction, and protein–protein interaction tools.</p> </sec> <sec><title style='display:none'>Conclusion</title> <p>The in silico prediction analysis could be beneficial as a diagnostic tool for both genetic counseling and mutation confirmation. The 6 deleterious nsSNPs of <italic>STAT3</italic> may serve as potential targets for different proteomic studies, large population–based studies, diagnoses, and therapeutic interventions.</p> </sec> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/abm-2023-00592023-10-18T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/abm-2023-0056<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most common form of blood cancer characterized by clonal expansion of malignant plasma cells within the bone marrow. MM is a complex, progressive, and highly heterogeneous malignancy, which occurs via a multistep transformation process involving primary and secondary oncogenic events. Recent advances in molecular techniques have further expanded our understanding of the mutational landscape, clonal composition, and dynamic evolution patterns of MM. The first part of this review describes the key oncogenic events involved in the initiation and progression of MM, together with their prognostic impact. The latter part highlights the most prominent findings concerning genomic aberrations promoted by gene expression profiling (GEP) and next-generation sequencing (NGS) in MM. This review provides a concise understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of the MM genome and the importance of adopting emerging molecular technology in future clinical management of MM.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/abm-2023-00562023-10-18T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/abm-2023-0057<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <sec><title style='display:none'>Background</title> <p>American ginseng has an obvious anti-fatigue effect, but the effective material basis is still unclear. The spectrum–effect relationship is a scientific method that studies the correlations between chemical spectra and pharmacological effect.</p> </sec> <sec><title style='display:none'>Objective</title> <p>To reveal the real bioactive compounds in American ginseng saponin (AGS) based on a study of the underlying correlations between these compounds’ occurrence in rat serum after their intake of AGS and the anti-fatigue effect of AGS.</p> </sec> <sec><title style='display:none'>Methods</title> <p>We utilized ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) with quadrupole and time-of-flight mass spectrometry (Q-TOF-MS) to analyze the extract of AGS and its constituents in serum after oral administration in rats. The anti-fatigue effect of AGS in rats was measured using the time weight-bearing swimming technique, the content of blood urea nitrogen, hepatic glycogen, and blood lactic acid. The relationship between the peak area values in fingerprints from rat serum and pharmacodynamic parameters of AGS was established using correlation analysis with partial least square regression (PLSR) method and gray correlation method.</p> </sec> <sec><title style='display:none'>Results</title> <p>We detected and identified 22 compounds from extract, and 8 prototype components from serum. Through PLSR and gray correlation method, it was found that the ginsenosides Re, Rb1, and Rb2 were significantly positively related to the pharmacodynamic data.</p> </sec> <sec><title style='display:none'>Conclusions</title> <p>Based on the spectrum–effect relationship, PLSR and gray correlation method can be used to screen for the anti-fatigue components available in AGS. Such an approach is of practical significance as it provides an effective means for exploring the material basis for the efficacy of American ginseng, particularly as an anti-fatigue agent.</p> </sec> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/abm-2023-00572023-10-18T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/abm-2023-0060<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is a rare, slow-growing sarcoma of the skin and subcutaneous tissue, accounting for around 5 cases per million per year. Fibrosarcomatous transformation of DFSP occurs in 10%–15% of DFSP cases, with a higher risk of local recurrence, metastasis, and death. We present a case of a male in his 30s with a complaint of rapidly progressive mass in the occipital region of the head. Within 1 year, the mass enlarged by &gt;30 cm. Physical examination revealed a skin-colored 40×30 cm mass with an overlying skin necrosis at the posterior scalp. Brain, neck, and chest computed tomography (CT) scans were performed. The mass was surgically excised by wide excision with a 2 cm margin. Pathological report confirmed fibrosarcomatous DFSP Grade 3 with decreased CD34 expression. Delayed reconstruction of free flap and split-thickness skin graft were subsequently performed. No recurrence was detected 3 months postoperatively.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/abm-2023-00602023-10-18T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/abm-2023-0049ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/abm-2023-00492023-10-09T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/abm-2023-0054<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <sec><title style='display:none'>Background</title> <p>Inflammation may be associated with macular pigment optical density (MPOD) degradation.</p> </sec> <sec><title style='display:none'>Objectives</title> <p>The relationship between inflammation and MPOD is evaluated using inflammatory biomarkers, including high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), lipid level and ratio, waist circumference (WC), and body mass index (BMI).</p> </sec> <sec><title style='display:none'>Method</title> <p>In this cross-sectional design, 62 hypertensive patients were recruited between January 6 and January 8, 2022, at a primary care unit. The MPOD was measured using the Macular pigment screener II. Blood tests for hsCRP, lipid profile, WC measurement, BMI calculation, and completing a questionnaire were conducted, and statistical analysis was done by using Microsoft Excel 2019 and Stata version 16.1. Spearman's rank correlation test was used to evaluate correlations. Multivariate analysis for adjusting confounders was done by logistic regression.</p> </sec> <sec><title style='display:none'>Result</title> <p>There was a significant negative correlation between hsCRP &gt;3 and MPOD (<italic>r</italic> = −0.26, <italic>P</italic> = 0.04).</p> </sec> <sec><title style='display:none'>Conclusion</title> <p>Inflammation was linked to MPOD. Anti-inflammatory agents may be beneficial in preventing MPOD degradation.</p> </sec> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/abm-2023-00542023-10-09T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/abm-2023-0051<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <sec><title style='display:none'>Background</title> <p>In Japan, on April 20, 2020, the definition of a close contact regarding coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was changed from a long-term contact time to a specified contact time of 15 min and from a contact distance of 2 m to 1 m.</p> </sec> <sec><title style='display:none'>Objectives</title> <p>We aimed to determine the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection rate among close contacts of patients with COVID-19 and determine the impact of the infection on transmission among close contacts.</p> </sec> <sec><title style='display:none'>Methods</title> <p>The numbers of SARS-CoV-2 tests, SARS-CoV-2-positive cases, and close contacts of patients with COVID-19 were assessed between March 2020 and February 2021 in Fukui Prefecture, Japan. The study period was subdivided into 3 periods. The second and third period contained data with the changed definition of close contact.</p> </sec> <sec><title style='display:none'>Results</title> <p>Overall, 32,238 SARS-CoV-2 tests were performed. There were 545 patients with COVID-19 and 1487 close contacts, of whom 267 tested positive. The highest infection rate occurred in period 3. Distance, protective measures, and contact time with COVID-19 patients influenced the increased infection rate. The infection rate showed a rising trend from 11.1% in period 1 to 19.2% and 20.0% in periods 2 and 3, respectively (Cochran–Armitage test; <italic>P</italic> &lt; 0.004). Multivariate analysis revealed that female sex was an independent risk factor for infection of close contacts (odds ratio: 2.23; 95% confidence interval: 1.700–2.930).</p> </sec> <sec><title style='display:none'>Conclusions</title> <p>Female sex is a risk factor for transmission by close contacts. The rate of infection among close contacts may be associated with contact time, contact distance, and protective measures.</p> </sec> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/abm-2023-00512023-10-09T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/abm-2023-0053<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <sec><title style='display:none'>Background</title> <p>Postoperative pain management is an important aspect of anesthesia care and multimodal analgesic techniques are generally recommended.</p> </sec> <sec><title style='display:none'>Objective</title> <p>To compare the effect of spinal anesthesia + transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block application on postoperative analgesia quality and patient satisfaction with spinal anesthesia + intrathecal morphine (ITM) application.</p> </sec> <sec><title style='display:none'>Methods</title> <p>A total of 70 patients were randomly separated into 2 groups as spinal anesthesia + TAP block (TAP block group, n = 34) and spinal anesthesia + ITM group (ITM group, n = 36). The groups were compared in respect of age, body mass index values, and visual analog scale (VAS) values at 0 h, 2 h, 6 h, 12 h, and 18 h, and patient satisfaction was scored by Quality Improvement in Postoperative Pain Management at 24 h.</p> </sec> <sec><title style='display:none'>Results</title> <p>The mean age of the patients was 32.52 ± 6.50 years in the TAP block group and 30.11 ± 5.62 years in the ITM group, with no statistically significant difference determined. There was no statistically significant difference in terms of VAS values at 0 h, 2 h, 6 h, 12 h, and 18 h. When the factors affecting postoperative patient satisfaction were evaluated, feeling fatigue after the surgery (r = −0.811, <italic>P</italic> = 0.001) and postoperative complications such as nausea, vomiting, and itching (r = −0.831, <italic>P</italic> = 0.001) were found to have a negative effect on patient satisfaction.</p> </sec> <sec><title style='display:none'>Conclusion</title> <p>Due to low complication rates, TAP block is an effective application for postoperative analgesia management in varicocele operations that increases patient satisfaction postoperatively.</p> </sec> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/abm-2023-00532023-10-09T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/abm-2023-0050<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <sec><title style='display:none'>Background</title> <p>Statins are the most widely used lipid-lowering agents for patients with hyperlipidemia. However, interindividual variations in efficacy and risk of adverse drug reactions to statin treatment have been widely reported. Ethnicity is well known to be one of the contributing factors to this variation, particularly among Asians.</p> </sec> <sec><title style='display:none'>Objectives</title> <p>To identify genetic variants associated with statin treatment responses among Asian populations with a focus on four commonly prescribed statins: atorvastatin, rosuvastatin, simvastatin, and pravastatin.</p> </sec> <sec><title style='display:none'>Methods</title> <p>A literature search was conducted in Medline and Embase databases. Studies published from 2008 to 2021 were included. The title and abstract of each article were screened by two reviewers and verified by another two reviewers. Data charted include information on authors, year of study, study population, statin studied, gene studied, study findings, and data of significant statistical value.</p> </sec> <sec><title style='display:none'>Results</title> <p>A total of 35 articles were included from the 1,939 original studies related to treatment efficacy and 5 articles out of the 284 original studies related to adverse effects. Genetic variants in transmembrane transporters, cytochrome P450 isoenzymes, and apolipoproteins are the most extensively studied among Asian populations, with a main focus on ethnic Chinese. However, Asia consists of genetically different populations, and the results of this review indicated that there is a paucity of studies on other ethnic groups within Asia.</p> </sec> <sec><title style='display:none'>Conclusions</title> <p>Considering the ethnicity of patients could provide a potential value to personalized medicine in statin therapy.</p> </sec> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/abm-2023-00502023-10-09T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/abm-2023-0052<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <sec><title style='display:none'>Background</title> <p>The ambiguity of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) symptoms hinders early diagnosis, thereby contributing to high mortality rates. By attaching to the 3′-untranslated region (UTR) of the target gene, microRNAs (miRNAs) exert significant control over the expression of genes.</p> </sec> <sec><title style='display:none'>Objectives</title> <p>To investigate the influence of miR-30c-2-3p and DNA topoisomerase II alpha (TOP2A) on RCC growth and the mechanisms underlying the regulation of its expression.</p> </sec> <sec><title style='display:none'>Methods</title> <p>The expression of miRNA-30c-2-3p and <italic>TOP2A</italic> in RCC cells was examined using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). MiR-30c-2-3p mimics, its inhibitors, and controls, as well as TOP2A short hairpin RNA (shRNA) and controls, were used to transfect the human RCC cell lines 786-O, Caki-1, and ACHN. Additionally, the roles of miRNA-30c-2-3p and TOP2A in the growth of RCC were evaluated using the cell counting kit (CCK)-8 test, colony formation assay, apoptosis analysis, and Western blotting. Meanwhile, binding of miRNA-30c-2-3p and TOP2A was verified using dual-luciferase reporter assays and Western blotting.</p> </sec> <sec><title style='display:none'>Results</title> <p>miR-30c-2-p is underexpressed in RCC cells. Overexpression of miR-30c-2-p promotes apoptosis and inhibits proliferation of ACHN, Caki-1, and 786-O cells. miR-30c-2-3p targets TOP2A, which is elevated in RCC tissues and cells, whereas TOP2A silencing inhibits the proliferation ability of RCC cells. The miRNA-30c-2-3p inhibitor compromises TOP2A shRNA-induced apoptosis of RCC. RCC cells cotransfected with miRNA-30c-2-3p inhibitors and TOP2A shRNAs have a higher proliferation rate than those transfected with only TOP2A shRNAs.</p> </sec> <sec><title style='display:none'>Conclusions</title> <p>Collectively, our results verify that miRNA-30c-2-3p has a tumor suppressor property. miRNA-30c-2-3p inhibits the proliferation of RCC through regulation of TOP2A. The data provide a viable therapeutic target for RCC.</p> </sec> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/abm-2023-00522023-10-09T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/abm-2023-0044<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <sec><title style='display:none'>Background</title> <p>Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a condition with an unclear genetic basis. Fucosyltransferase 3 (FUT3) could potentially be linked to IBD susceptibility.</p> </sec> <sec><title style='display:none'>Objective</title> <p>To investigate the association between <italic>FUT3</italic> gene polymorphisms and IBD.</p> </sec> <sec><title style='display:none'>Methods</title> <p>Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 checklist and Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes, and Study (PICOS) guidelines, case-control studies published until April 30, 2020 was searched. Two independent reviewers conducted screening, data extraction, and quality assessment using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Meta-analysis, sensitivity analysis, and Egger tests were performed using RevMan and Stata12.0.</p> </sec> <sec><title style='display:none'>Results</title> <p>The review included 5 articles and 12 case-control studies involving 1712 IBD patients and 1903 controls. The meta-analysis revealed the following combined odds ratios [95% confidence intervals]: <italic>rs3745635</italic> genotype (<italic>GA+AA vs GG</italic>) 0.84 (0.72–0.97), (<italic>GG+GA vs AA</italic>) 1.93 (1.23–3.05), (<italic>GG vs AA</italic>) 2.38 (1.52–3.74), (<italic>A vs G</italic>) 0.84 (0.73–0.96); <italic>rs3894326</italic> genotype (<italic>TA+AA vs TT</italic>) 1.03 (0.87–1.23), (<italic>TT+TA vs AA</italic>) 1.19 (0.56–2.51), (<italic>TT vs AA</italic>) 1.19 (0.56–2.51), (<italic>A vs T</italic>) 1.02 (0.86–1.20); <italic>rs28362459</italic> genotype (<italic>TG+GG vs TT</italic>) 0.98 (0.85–1.12), (<italic>TT+TG vs GG</italic>) 1.20 (0.90–1.61), (<italic>TT vs GG</italic>) 1.21 (0.90–1.62), (<italic>G vs T</italic>) 0.96 (0.86–1.07). Sensitivity analysis indicated the stability of the results, and Egger analysis showed no significant publication bias.</p> </sec> <sec><title style='display:none'>Conclusions</title> <p>The <italic>rs3745635</italic> gene polymorphism may be associated with IBD susceptibility, whereas the <italic>rs3894326</italic> and <italic>rs28362459</italic> gene polymorphisms may not be associated with IBD.</p> </sec> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/abm-2023-00442023-09-17T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/abm-2023-0043ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/abm-2023-00432023-09-17T00:00:00.000+00:00en-us-1