rss_2.0Medical Journal of Cell Biology FeedSciendo RSS Feed for Medical Journal of Cell Biologyhttps://sciendo.com/journal/ACBhttps://www.sciendo.comMedical Journal of Cell Biology Feedhttps://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/64706cb883f1392090d69500/cover-image.jpghttps://sciendo.com/journal/ACB140216Revolutionizing cardiovascular care: the role of natriuretic peptides and neprilysin inhibitionhttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acb-2024-0012<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
<p>Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death globally, with heart failure (HF) as a significant contributor. Biomarkers, particularly natriuretic peptides like BNP and NT-proBNP, have transformed HF diagnosis and management by offering vital insights into cardiac function and helping to distinguish cardiac from non-cardiac symptoms. Neprilysin inhibitors, such as Sacubitril/Valsartan, enhance the effects of these peptides by preventing their degradation, representing a novel therapeutic approach. This paper examines the impact of natriuretic peptides and neprilysin inhibition on HF management, highlighting their role in improving patient outcomes.</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acb-2024-00122024-10-08T00:00:00.000+00:00Innervation of the muscles of the pelvic limb of the nutria () by nerves originating from the lumbosacral plexushttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acb-2024-0013<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
<p>Knowledge about the innervation of the pelvic limb is crucial in veterinary sciences, particularly in anesthesiology, diagnostics, and veterinary surgery, where precise knowledge of the nervous system enables effective treatment and interventions. With the growing interest of veterinarians in studies of the rodent, expanding knowledge of the neuroanatomy of these animals is key to improving veterinary care and treatment efficacy. The aim of our study was to analyze the innervation of the pelvic limb muscles in the nutria (<italic>Myocastor coypus</italic>). Our research demonstrated that these muscles are innervated by motor fibers from nerves such as the femoral nerve, the obturator nerve, the sciatic nerve, and the cranial and caudal gluteal nerves. We also determined the origin of these nerves, indicating that they stem from the ventral roots of the spinal nerves from L3 to S1, knowing that the nutria has six lumbar vertebrae. Conclusions from such analyses can contribute to a deeper understanding of the evolutionary anatomy of the nervous system in various mammal groups and the development of more precise diagnostic and therapeutic methods in veterinary medicine.</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acb-2024-00132024-10-08T00:00:00.000+00:00Macroscopic structure of the intestines of the common pheasant ()https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acb-2024-0017<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
<p>This article presents a detailed analysis of the intestinal anatomy of the common pheasant (<italic>Phasianus colchicus</italic>), based on a study carried out on 20 females from a specialist breeding farm. After dissection, the intestines were carefully examined taking into account their: length, diameter and weight using a flexible measure, callipers and a laboratory balance. Attention was focused on characteristic anatomical features including the specific function and structure of: duodenum, jejunum and ileum, cecum and rectum. In the discussion, the results of the intestinal structure were compared with data from other bird species, highlighting the influence of diet on the varied morphology of the digestive system. This study, which is a prelude to further, more extensive analyses, provides a basis for the development of knowledge on comparative intestinal anatomy, with recommendations for further research taking into account species and sex diversity.</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acb-2024-00172024-10-08T00:00:00.000+00:00Craniometric values of the domestic horse () in the context of mechanical stunning anatomy – preliminary studieshttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acb-2024-0018<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
<p>This study presents selected craniometric measurements compared to the thickness of the frontal bone of the domestic horse. The study was carried out on 10 domestic horse skulls from the collection of the Institute of Veterinary Medicine at Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun. On the basis of the results obtained, correlation was carried out according to Pearson’s method, and a trend graph was created, showing the relationship of individual values to frontal bone thickness. The present research is a preliminary study, and further research, based on a larger study group, can help minimize their suffering. According to the study, the greatest positive correlation and relationship is shown by the length between the alveolar borders of the third incisor, while a negative correlation was found for the width of the cerebrocranium. In the future, it is possible to develop a formula to estimate the thickness of the frontal bone in horses.</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acb-2024-00182024-10-08T00:00:00.000+00:00The anatomical structure of the stellate ganglion in the European badger ()https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acb-2024-0020<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
<p>The stellate ganglion belongs to the sympathetic part of the autonomic nervous system. It responds to signals from the brain to the organs in the chest, including the heart, whose function it regulates. In this study, an analysis of the normal anatomy of the stellate ganglion in the European badger was presented. The research involved 6 male specimens, 3 female specimens, and 1 specimen with undetermined sex. Dissection was performed to remove the skin and muscles of the thorax, as well as parts of the ribs and lungs. The shape, topographical location, dimensions, and the ganglia constituting the structure of interest were analyzed. The results were compared with studies conducted on other animal species. However, these studies are preliminary and require further expansion with a larger group of specimens. They provide a basis for further development of the normal and comparative anatomy of the European badger.</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acb-2024-00202024-10-08T00:00:00.000+00:00Anatomy of the brachial plexus (Plexus brachialis) and innervation of the thoracic limb of the Caracal ()https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acb-2024-0016<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
<p>This paper was focused on the anatomy of the brachial plexus of the caracal (<italic>Caracal caracal</italic>). This study identified the characteristics of this species and determined its similarity to other representatives of the Felidae. During the study, have recognized the following nerves: brachiocephalic (<italic>n. brachiocephalicus</italic>), suprascapular (<italic>n. suprascapularis</italic>), subscapular (<italic>n. subscapularis</italic>), axillary (<italic>n. axillaris</italic>), cranial pectoral (<italic>n. pectorales craniales</italic>), caudal pectoral (<italic>n. pectorales caudales</italic>), lateral thoracic (<italic>n. thoracicus lateralis</italic>), long thoracic (<italic>n. thoracicus longus</italic>), thoracodorsal (<italic>n. thoracodorsalis</italic>), radial (<italic>n. radialis</italic>), median (<italic>n. medianus</italic>) and ulnar (<italic>n. ulnaris</italic>). The formation of the plexus, the number and course of the identified nerves are important for comparative and clinical reasons. The plexus of the Caracal was constructed from branches C6-T1, which is characteristic of this group of animals. The information from this description may also be of use in work on anesthesiology. Veterinarians treating wild and zoo animals will benefit from a detailed knowledge of this study.</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acb-2024-00162024-10-08T00:00:00.000+00:00Structure and vascularization of the kidneys of the nutria ()https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acb-2024-0021<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
<p>Nutria have been raised for fur or meat for many years, the limited number of papers on their kidney anatomical structure prompted us to conduct the present study. The experiment was designed to present and describe the anatomical structure of the kidneys of the nutria (<italic>Myocastor coypus</italic>). It included 6 dead specimens of this species from breeding. The organs in question were initially excised and subjected to more detailed analysis in terms of dimensions, location in the abdominal cavity, but also vascularization. Arteries and veins were injected with red and blue LBS 3060 latex, and we used an electronic caliper to measure individual dimensions. Comparison of the parameters of the two nutria kidneys showed some differences, relative to other rodent species, which are discussed in the discussion.</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acb-2024-00212024-10-08T00:00:00.000+00:00A pathophysiological perspective on wine induced headacheshttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acb-2024-0015<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
<p>Headaches are one of the most common reasons why patients seek help in the emergency department, and alcohol consumption is a well-known cause. Wine, in particular, is associated with headaches not only due to its alcohol content but also due to the presence of polyphenols and biogenic amines such as tyramine, putrescine, and, notably, histamine. Wine consumption is on the rise around the world and is likely to be reflected in headache prevalence. Understanding the mechanisms underlying wine-induced headaches can help in their management and prevention Therefore, we provide a comprehensive review of the pathophysiology of wine induced headaches.</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acb-2024-00152024-10-08T00:00:00.000+00:00Anatomical structure of the stomach of the common pheasant ()https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acb-2024-0014<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
<p>In this article, an analysis of the normal anatomy of the stomach of the common pheasant (<italic>Phasianus colchicus</italic>) is presented. The material covered 20 female common pheasants from poultry breeding. A necropsy of the deceased animals was performed, and then the stomachs were removed, analyzed, and measured for length, width, thickness of the walls, and characteristic anatomical features. The measurements were made using a caliper. The presented results include the stomach and proventriculus, focusing on their specificity, such as the strongly developed muscular membrane of the type II stomach, characteristic of granivorous birds, which reflects the diet of pheasants. In the discussion, the stomach structure of the pheasant was compared with other birds, emphasizing how diet influences the varied morphology of organs. These studies are preliminary and should be expanded to a larger group of animals, taking into account the aspect of sex. However, they constitute a basis for further development of the normal and comparative anatomy of the common pheasant.</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acb-2024-00142024-10-08T00:00:00.000+00:00Urinary incontinence due to pregnancy – the impact of hormones and biofeedback therapyhttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acb-2024-0011<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
<p>In this article, attention is drawn to the serious problem of the occurrence of urinary incontinence because of pregnancy. The condition is problematic mainly in the elderly, as well because of the first and each subsequent pregnancy. Urinary incontinence can be a reason for social and professional exclusion, psychological problems and rising medical costs worldwide. Pregnancy as a complex process is a major factor in the occurrence of urinary incontinence in women at a younger age, consisting of hormones and all the procedures associated with childbirth. The physiotherapist has many tools that clearly affect how quickly the patient will recover, and one of them is biofeedback therapy. The process of treating incontinence needs further research and improved guidelines, as the condition is one of the most common complications of pregnancy, with a high risk of recurrence.</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acb-2024-00112024-10-08T00:00:00.000+00:00Resveratrol as a modulator of the gut-brain axis in irritable bowel syndromehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acb-2024-0010<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
<p>Resveratrol, a polyphenolic compound synthesized by plants, has garnered increasing attention in recent years for its potential pharmacological applications. Notably, it has been explored as a modulator of the gut-brain axis, particularly concerning irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). IBS is a life-quality impairing condition characterized by recurrent abdominal pain associated with defecation, as well as alterations in stool frequency or form. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the role of the gut-brain axis in IBS, with a specific focus on the potential of resveratrol as a modulator of this axis and its therapeutic implications for IBS management.</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acb-2024-00102024-10-08T00:00:00.000+00:00Age determination of the Arctic Fox () using the pulp cavity–tooth width ratiohttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acb-2024-0019<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
<p>The aim of this study was to ascertain the suitability of an age determination method which uses the ratio between the width of the pulp cavity and the width of the tooth itself. The measurements were obtained from X-ray pictures of individual teeth using an intraoral sensor. We found that with age, the ratio decreased, and that this change was more prominent in the maxillary canines (104 and 204) than the mandibular (304 and 404). The Arctic fox heads used in this study were sourced from a private fur farm from Poland, and were deep-frozen until the research began.</p>
<p>The results suggest that the method we used is reliable for determining the age of an individual, however, it can be inaccurate due to the fact it doesn’t consider three-dimensional changes occurring in the dental cavity and the shape of the tooth. On the other hand, this method is far more accessible and simpler than, for example, one utilising three-dimensional imaging, since most veterinary practices are equipped with basic X-ray equipment.</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acb-2024-00192024-10-08T00:00:00.000+00:00Genetics and biology of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomahttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acb-2024-0006<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
<p>Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), also known as pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, is the most prevalent type of pancreatic tumor, predominantly impacting the exocrine portion of the pancreas. Individuals diagnosed with PDAC face a grim prognosis due to its highly malignant nature. By the year 2030, it is projected to emerge as the second leading cause of cancer-related fatalities. PDAC is known for its high degree of genomic instability. This review offers a summary of the frequently mutated genes in PDAC, as well as the morphological features, molecular profiles, available treatment options, and ongoing research in the field of PDAC.</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acb-2024-00062024-10-01T00:00:00.000+00:00Cardiomyopathies – genetic and molecular issueshttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acb-2024-0005<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
<p>Cardiomyopathy is a condition that may have a genetic basis. It is a serious ailment because it affects almost half of the individuals who die suddenly in childhood, adolescence, or related to heart transplant procedures. The inheritance patterns of this disease can vary. For example, as described in the work on HCM and ARVC, they are inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. De novo mutations may involve genes related to myofilaments, Z-discs, components related to cellular calcium handling, or desmosomes, among others. However, detailed molecular aspects should be correlated with clinical features because changes within a single gene may be associated with diverse abnormalities. Depending on the manifestation of the action of certain allele changes, they may range from microscopic deviations to causing heart failure and impaired blood flow through other organs, thereby disrupting the functionality of the entire body, hindering daily life and lowering its quality. Currently, the analysis of the degree of interaction of genetic determinants in cardiomyopathy is becoming increasingly accessible due to modernization and improvement of tools in the field of diagnosing anomalies in gene sequences and expression. A more precise understanding of causative mutations and associated conditions may contribute to determining strategic points for the future regarding the most beneficial course of action in specific circumstances and evaluating the effectiveness of the steps taken in the long run. In addition to mutations typically causing cardiomyopathy, there are also mutations contributing to their development within the spectrum of other diseases. This includes the PRKAG2-related cardiac syndrome, associated with abnormal metabolism, Danon disease, mitochondrial disorders, ion channelopathies, or conduction disorders.</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acb-2024-00052024-10-01T00:00:00.000+00:00Recent findings of cardiac dysfunction and anti-cancer therapyhttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acb-2024-0007<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
<p>Cardiovascular diseases and carcer have a lot of things in common. Both of those conditions are responsible for most deaths in first world countries. Moreover, considerable amount of heart dysfunction complications, result from cancer treatment. For example, common anticancer drugs like anthracyclines are cardiotoxic. Administrations of these compounds may cause cardiotoxicity type I. Trastuzumab is also a compound that is used in cancer treatment, sometimes used concurrently with anthracyclines, and this drug is associated with cardiotoxicity type II. These drugs and many others have side effects ranging from mild to severe like irreversible cardiac damage that may result in heart failure. Cyclophosphamide is a chemotherapy medication used to treat various types of cancer and also can be useful to treat autoimmunological conditions. Radiotherapy, also known as radiation therapy, is a medical treatment that uses high doses of radiation to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors. It is also a stressful treatment on the cardiovascular system to such degree, that the second most fatal complication after utilizing radiotherapy is heart dysfunction. Pre-existing cardiovascular disease can influence the treatment as well as the prognosis of the patient. Patients with former cardiovascular disease are associated with less treatment options, significantly higher likelihood of worse treatment outcomes and complications that often result in death.</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acb-2024-00072024-10-01T00:00:00.000+00:00Endometriosis – hormones and treatmenthttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acb-2024-0008<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
<p>Endometriosis is a prevalent condition, affecting 10-15% of women of reproductive age and approximately 70% of those with chronic pelvic pain. An estimated 176 million women worldwide are affected by this disease. The condition occurs predominantly between menarche and menopause, with peak incidence between the ages of 25 and 45. Endometriosis is characterized by the presence of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterine cavity, leading to the formation of lesions most commonly in the ovaries but also in the fallopian tubes, gastrointestinal tract, and occasionally in distant locations like the pleura and central nervous system. Symptoms include chronic pelvic pain, heavy and painful menstrual periods, dyspareunia, painful urination, and defecation. Diagnosis involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, imaging techniques, and the gold standard, diagnostic laparoscopy. There is an average delay of 6.7 years between symptom onset and diagnosis, often due to variable and confusing symptoms resembling other conditions. The pathogenesis of endometriosis involves genetic, hormonal, and environmental factors, with significant roles played by estrogens and progesterone. Treatment strategies focus on managing symptoms through pain relief, hormonal therapy, and surgical interventions, although no permanent cure exists. Hormonal imbalances, particularly the interaction of progesterone and estrogens, play a crucial role in disease progression. Current research explores various treatment options, including hormonal therapy, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antioxidants, and surgical methods to improve the quality of life for patients.</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acb-2024-00082024-10-01T00:00:00.000+00:00Meta-analysis of application of minimally-invasive ablation methods and classical surgical approach in osteoid osteoma and osteoblastomahttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acb-2024-0009<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
<p>Osteoblastoma and osteoid osteoma are rare benign bone tumours, sometimes considered variations of the same pathologic process. However, they differ in location, incidence, age group, and size. The gold standard treatment is surgical excision for osteoblastoma and radiofrequency ablation for both. Minimally invasive techniques, including radiofrequency ablation, microwave ablations, cryoablation, ultrasound ablation, and laser ablation, are increasingly used. This meta-analysis aimed to review current treatments, focusing on minimally invasive methods versus traditional surgical excision. A data comparison of 17 original articles from the PubMed database (2014-2024) was conducted, examining treatment methods, patient numbers, success rates, pre/post-operative pain scores, and complication rates. New ablation methods achieve similar clinical results to traditional surgery for treating osteoid osteoma and osteoblastoma while minimizing invasiveness. Most procedures have technical success rates near 100%. Both invasive and non-invasive methods significantly reduce preoperative pain. Classical surgery has higher minor complication rates compared to minimally invasive treatments. Among ablation techniques, magnetic resonance guided focused ultrasound surgery is the least invasive, avoiding radiation and antibiotic-related complications. However, in ablation methods caution is needed to prevent thermal damage to nearby joints and nerves. Protective methods, such as skin protection, hydrodissection, gas dissection, and intraoperative neurostimulation, are recommended. New ablation methods provide less invasive alternatives to surgery, with high clinical and technical success rates and lower complication rates. Among these, magnetic resonance guided focused ultrasound surgery is the least invasive and most promising, though more clinical data is needed due to its recent development.</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acb-2024-00092024-10-01T00:00:00.000+00:00The negative effect on human health due to disruption of circadian rhythm in modern timeshttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acb-2024-0002<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
<p>Disruptions of the circadian rhythm have shown that it can lead to significant health risks. Factors such as rapid travel across different time zones, increased exposure to artificial light, and the consumption of substances like caffeine contribute to this disruption. Understanding these disruptions and its causes is crucial for improving our health and in finding solutions.</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acb-2024-00022024-07-05T00:00:00.000+00:00Understanding endometriosis: a threat to fertilityhttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acb-2024-0004<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
<p>Endometriosis is a gynaecological disease that affects female reproductive organs by the growth of endometrium- like tissues inside and outside the pelvic cavity. This paper explored how endometriosis can lead to increased chances of infertility through a dysregulated immune system and impaired oocyte quality.</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acb-2024-00042024-07-05T00:00:00.000+00:00Neuromolecular analysis of post-traumatic stress disorder – the dysregulation in neuronal and signalling pathwayshttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acb-2024-0003<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
<p>Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental disorder as a result of life-threatening situations which in turn affects quality of life through activities of daily living. This is attributed to a plethora of neuromolecular factors negatively affecting the functional make-up of the brain. The complex interplay of these factors include neuronal alterations and neuroplasticity, signalling molecular, astrocyte and glial cell alterations which together act as a survival mechanism in several brain regions.</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acb-2024-00032024-07-05T00:00:00.000+00:00en-us-1