rss_2.0Sciendo RSS Feed for Applied Computer Systemshttps://sciendo.com/journal/ACSShttps://www.sciendo.comhttps://sciendo-parsed-data-feed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/6305f646c1b7b432f7d11e0f/cover-image.jpghttps://sciendo.com/journal/ACSS140216https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acss-2022-0019<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>The paper proposes a framework to record meeting to avoid hassle of writing points of meeting. Key components of framework are “Model Trainer” and “Meeting Recorder”. In model trainer, we first clean the noise in audio, then oversample the data size and extract features from audio, in the end we train the classification model. Meeting recorder is a post-processor used for sound recognition using the trained model and converting the audio into text. Experimental results show the high accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed implementation.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acss-2022-00192023-01-24T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acss-2022-0011<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>There are considerable obstacles in the transport sector of developing countries, including poor road conditions, poor road maintenance and congestion. The dire impacts of these challenges could be extremely damaging to both human lives and the economies of the countries involved. Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSs) integrate modern technologies into existing transportation systems to monitor traffic. Adopting Vehicular Adhoc Network (VANET) into the road transport system is one of the most ITS developments demonstrating its benefits in reducing incidents, traffic congestion, fuel consumption, waiting times and pollution. However, this type of network is vulnerable to many problems that can affect the availability of services. This article uses a Fuzzy Bayesian approach that combines Bayesian Networks (BN) and Fuzzy Logic (FL) for predicting the risks affecting the quality of service in VANET. The implementation of this model can be used for different types of predictions in the networking field and other research areas.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acss-2022-00112023-01-24T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acss-2022-0014<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>Estimation of work efficiency is one of the important tasks in company management and analysis of workers’ activities. The environment for determining the efficiency of workers is the use of one or more IS of any kind, within the framework of which the worker’s duties are accomplished. This process can be performed both from home (isolated from the work environment and co-workers) and in the office on-site. Another aspect is related to the fact that a worker can work both with only one IS, or with multiple specialised systems in parallel, which requires the simultaneous integration of several data sources and the parallel reading and analysis of information relevant to worker activities. The task of work efficiency estimation is especially complicated if the company’s activity domain is narrowly specific. In this case, solving such a task of working hour accounting and efficiency estimation is not a trivial accumulation of statistical data, but requires a dedicated method. The work of an engineering system designer is one of the examples of such specific activities. Therefore, exactly this domain was chosen as an application case of the method and metrics proposed in the paper.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acss-2022-00142023-01-24T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acss-2022-0015<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>In software development, defects influence the quality and cost in an undesirable way. Software defect prediction (SDP) is one of the techniques which improves the software quality and testing efficiency by early identification of defects(bug/fault/error). Thus, several experiments have been suggested for defect prediction (DP) techniques. Mainly DP method utilises historical project data for constructing prediction models. SDP performs well within projects until there is an adequate amount of data accessible to train the models. However, if the data are inadequate or limited for the same project, the researchers mainly use Cross-Project Defect Prediction (CPDP). CPDP is a possible alternative option that refers to anticipating defects using prediction models built on historical data from other projects. CPDP is challenging due to its data distribution and domain difference problem. The proposed framework is an effective two-stage approach for CPDP, i.e., model generation and prediction process. In model generation phase, the conglomeration of different pre-processing, including feature selection and class reweights technique, is used to improve the initial data quality. Finally, a fine-tuned efficient bagging and boosting based hybrid ensemble model is developed, which avoids model over -fitting/under-fitting and helps enhance the prediction performance. In the prediction process phase, the generated model predicts the historical data from other projects, which has defects or clean. The framework is evaluated using25 software projects obtained from public repositories. The result analysis shows that the proposed model has achieved a 0.71±0.03 f1-score, which significantly improves the state-of-the-art approaches by 23 % to 60 %.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acss-2022-00152023-01-24T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acss-2022-0020<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>The increasing use of multimedia applications in wireless ad-hoc networks makes the support of quality of service (QoS) an overriding necessity. In this article, we present a new extension of the IEEE 802.11e EDCA scheme called NCA-EDCA, which uses the lifetime and the number of retransmissions attempts of a packet to assess the aggressiveness of the environment in order to adjust the channel access parameters to work in the best possible way and improve service quality accordingly. This new extension aims to (1) improve the performance of real-time applications; (2) increase the overall throughput by reducing the collision rate and (3) achieve an acceptable level of fairness. The simulation results show that our extension significantly improves EDCA for better QoS support of multimedia applications. More specifically, it increases throughput of the different flows by no negligible factors and significantly reduces the collision rate while maintaining a high degree of fairness between flows of equal priority.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acss-2022-00202023-01-24T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acss-2022-0018<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>The Content Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) system is a framework for finding images from huge datasets that are similar to a given image. The main component of CBIR system is the strategy for retrieval of images. There are many strategies available and most of these rely on single feature extraction. The single feature-based strategy may not be efficient for all types of images. Similarly, due to a larger set of data, image retrieval may become inefficient. Hence, this article proposes a system that comprises of two-stage retrieval with different features at every stage where the first stage will be coarse retrieval and the second will be fine retrieval. The proposed framework is validated on standard benchmark images and compared with existing frameworks. The results are recorded in graphical and numerical form, thus supporting the efficiency of the proposed system.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acss-2022-00182023-01-24T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acss-2022-0021<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>Due to the rapid growth of the Internet of Things (IoT), researchers have demonstrated various IoT solutions, which are used to interconnect a wide range of IoT devices through the Internet. However, IoT stumbled into vertical silos; the available solutions provide specific IoT infrastructure, devices, protocols, data formats and models. This diversity and heterogeneity lead to interoperability issues. Heterogeneity happens at all IoT layers, especially at the application layer; devices often adopt mutually incompatible application-layer communication protocols to connect devices to IoT services. Furthermore, in order to integrate semantics to raw data, each system uses its one domain-specific ontology to make data more understandable and interpretable by adding semantic annotations. Working in isolation reduces the interoperability among IoT devices and systems, things across domains need to internetwork and collaborate to provide high level IoT services. Therefore, to alleviate the problem of both communication protocol interoperability and semantic interoperability across vertical silos of systems at the application layer, this paper proposes a semantic gateway (SGIoT) that acts as a bridge between heterogeneous sink nodes at the physical level and IoT services. SGIoT enables interconnectivity between communication protocols such as CoAP and MQTT regardless of their communication model, meanwhile it enables semantics integration throu gh cross-domain ontology (CDOnto) for semantic annotation, in order to provide interpretation of messages among IoT applications across domains. Our approach focuses on modularity and extensibility.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acss-2022-00212023-01-24T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acss-2022-0012<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>The Mekong Delta region of Vietnam has great potential for agricultural development thanks to natural incentives. Many livestock industries have developed for a long time and play an important role in the country with many agricultural export products. In the era of breakthrough technologies and advances in information technology, many techniques are used to support the development of smart agriculture. In particular, computer vision techniques are widely applied to help farmers save a lot of labour and cost. This study presents an approach for counting eels based on Mathematical Morphology Operations and Boundary Detection from images of breeding eels captured with the proposed photo box. The proposed method is evaluated using data collected directly from a breeding eel farm in Vietnam. The authors of the research evaluate and investigate the length distribution of eels to select the appropriate size for counting tasks. The experiments show positive results with an average Mean Absolute Error of 2.2 over a tray of more than 17 eels. The contribution of the research is to provide tools to support farmers in eel farms to save time and effort and improve efficiency.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acss-2022-00122023-01-24T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acss-2022-0013<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>The research examines the accuracy of current solution models for the Arabic text sentiment classification, including traditional machine learning and deep learning algorithms. The main aim is to detect the opinion and emotion expressed in Telecom companies’ customers tweets. Three supervised machine learning algorithms, Logistic Regression (LR), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Random Forest (RF), and one deep learning algorithm, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) were applied to classify the sentiment of 1098 unique Arabic textual tweets. The research results show that deep learning CNN using Word Embedding achieved higher performance in terms of accuracy with F1 score = 0.81. Furthermore, in the aspect classification task, the results reveal that applying Part of Speech (POS) features with deep learning CNN algorithm was efficient and reached 75 % accuracy using a dataset consisting of 1277 tweets. Additionally, in this study, we added an additional task of extracting the geographical location information from the tweet content. The location detection model achieved the following precision values: 0.6 and 0.89 for both Point of Interest (POI) and city (CIT).</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acss-2022-00132023-01-24T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acss-2022-0017<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>Nowadays, vehicular networks attract car manufacturers, network researchers, and governments as well. They represent one of the building blocks, for the intelligent transportation systems. Our task is to study the employment of SDN advantages to facilitate and improve the performance of vehicular ad-hoc networks. The goal of the research is to evaluate AODV routing protocol performance improved with SDN technology applied on VANET network in specified environment of a city. We have evaluated three parameters: packet delivery ratio, end-to-end delay and throughput using SUMO and NS3 simulators. The implemented evaluation protocol shows the importance of the adopted approach.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acss-2022-00172023-01-24T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acss-2022-0010<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>A method is suggested to find all local minima and the global minimum of an unknown two-variable function bounded on a given rectangle regardless of the rectangle area. The method has eight inputs: five inputs defined straightforwardly and three inputs, which are adjustable. The endpoints of the initial intervals constituting the rectangle and a formula for evaluating the two-variable function at any point of this rectangle are the straightforward inputs. The three adjustable inputs are a tolerance with the minimal and maximal numbers of subintervals along each dimension. The tolerance is the secondary adjustable input. Having broken the initial rectangle into a set of subrectangles, the nine-point iterated rectangle dichotomy “gropes” around every local minimum by successively cutting off 75 % of the subrectangle area or dividing the subrectangle in four. A range of subrectangle sets defined by the minimal and maximal numbers of subintervals along each dimension is covered by running the nine-point rectangle dichotomy on every set of subrectangles. As a set of values of currently found local minima points changes no more than by the tolerance, the set of local minimum points and the respective set of minimum values of the surface are returned. The presented approach is applicable to whichever task of finding local extrema is. If primarily the purpose is to find all local maxima or the global maximum of the two-variable function, the presented approach is applied to the function taken with the negative sign. The presented approach is a significant and important contribution to the field of numerical estimation and approximate analysis. Although the method does not assure obtaining all local minima (or maxima) for any two-variable function, setting appropriate minimal and maximal numbers of subintervals makes missing some minima (or maxima) very unlikely.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acss-2022-00102023-01-24T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acss-2022-0016<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>In order to increase sales, companies try their best to develop relevant offers that anticipate customer needs. One way to achieve this is by leveraging artificial intelligence algorithms that process data collected based on customer transactions, extract insights and patterns from them, and then present them in a user-friendly way to human or artificial intelligence decision makers. This study is based on a hybrid approach, it starts with an online marketplace dataset that contains many customers’ purchases and ends up with global personalized offers based on three different datasets. The first one, generated by a recommendation system, identifies for each customer a list of products they are most likely to buy. The second is generated with an Apriori algorithm. Apriori is used as an associate rule mining technique to identify and map frequent patterns based on support, confidence, and lift factors, and also to pull important rules between products. The third and last one describes, for each customer, their purchase probability in the next few weeks, based on the BG/NBD model and the average of transactions using the Gamma-Gamma model, as well as the satisfaction based on the CLV and RFMTS models. By combining all three datasets, specific and targeted promotion strategies can be developed. Thus, the company is able to anticipate customer needs and generate the most appropriate offers for them while respecting their budget, with minimum operational costs and a high probability of purchase transformation.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acss-2022-00162023-01-24T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acss-2022-0001<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>A problem of minimizing the total weighted tardiness in the preemptive single machine scheduling for discrete manufacturing is considered. A hyper-heuristic is presented, which is composed of 24 various heuristics, to find an approximately optimal schedule whenever finding the exact solution is practically intractable. The three heuristics are based on the well-known rules, whereas the 21 heuristics are introduced first. Therefore, the hyper-heuristic selects the best heuristic schedule among 24 schedule versions, whose total weighted tardiness is minimal. Each of the 24 heuristics can solely produce a schedule which is the best one for a given scheduling problem. Despite the percentage of zero gap instances decreases as the greater number of jobs is scheduled, the average and maximal gaps decrease as well. In particular, the percentage is not less than 80 % when up to 10 jobs are scheduled. The average gap calculated over nonzero gaps does not exceed 4 % in the case of scheduling 7 jobs. When manufacturing consists of hundreds of jobs, the hyper-heuristic is made an online scheduling algorithm by applying it only to a starting part of the manufacturing process.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acss-2022-00012022-08-23T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acss-2022-0005<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>Intelligent monitoring of a computer network provides a clear understanding of its behaviour at various times and in various situations. It also provides relief to support teams that spend most of their time troubleshooting problems caused by hardware or software failures. This type of monitoring ensures the accuracy and efficiency of the network to meet the expectations of its users. However, to ensure intelligent monitoring, it is necessary to start by automating this process, which often leads to long and costly interventions. The success of such automation implies the establishment of predictive maintenance as a prerequisite for good preventive maintenance governance. However, even when it is practiced effectively, preventive maintenance requires a great deal of time and the mobilization of several full-time resources, especially for large IT structures. This paper gives an overview of the monitoring of a computer network and explains its process and the problems encountered. It also proposes a method based on machine learning to allow for prediction and support decision making to proactively anticipate interventions.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acss-2022-00052022-08-23T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acss-2022-0004<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>The world is heading towards more modernized and digitalized data and therefore a significant growth is observed in the active number of social media users with each passing day. Each post and comment can give an insight into valuable information about a certain topic or issue, a product or a brand, etc. Similarly, the process to uncover the underlying information from the opinion that a person keeps about any entity is called a sentiment analysis. The analysis can be carried out through two main approaches, i.e., either lexicon-based or machine learning algorithms. A significant amount of work in the different domains has been done in numerous languages for sentiment analysis, but minimal research has been conducted on the national language of Pakistan, which is Urdu. Twitter users who are familiar with Urdu update the tweets in two different textual formats either in Urdu Script (Nastaleeq) or in Roman Urdu. Thus, the paper is an attempt to perform the sentiment analysis on the Urdu language by extracting the tweets (Nastaleeq and Roman Urdu both) from Twitter using Tweepy API. A machine learning-based approach has been adopted for this study and the tool opted for the purpose is WEKA. The best algorithm was identified based on evaluation metrics, which comprise the number of correctly and incorrectly classified instances, accuracy, precision, and recall. SMO was found to be the most suitable machine learning algorithm for performing the sentiment analysis on Urdu (Nastaleeq) tweets, while the Roman Urdu Random Forest algorithm was identified as the best one.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acss-2022-00042022-08-23T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acss-2022-0003<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>For the next seven years, the digitalisation of higher education is one of the priority tasks of Latvia. An extensive review of information sources was performed, and an online survey with the technical staff of higher education institutions was conducted to evaluate the progress made towards education digitalisation in Latvia and compare these results with the countries of the Nordic-Baltic region. The paper presents the study results and identifies issues hindering the digitalisation progress, e.g., issues with the legislation, basic digital skills, and required competences for academic staff.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acss-2022-00032022-08-23T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acss-2022-0008<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>In the modern online world, users are often asked for a permission to track their actions as a permission to “allow cookies”. The gathered information could be very valuable for a potential advertiser. However, online tracking is not only a benefit for a user but also a threat to the user’s privacy. This information combined with a targeted advertisement on a mass scale has potential to alter behaviour of large groups. This study summarises previous academic work on online user tracking and anti-tracking measures. As a result, it describes the current mechanisms used to track a user, as well as some methods that can be applied to reduce tracking. The study concludes that government legislation and open dialog between Internet users and advertisers might be the only way to ensure online privacy.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acss-2022-00082022-08-23T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acss-2022-0009<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>One of the most important factors triggering the occurrence of traffic accidents is that drivers continue to drive in a tired and drowsy state. It is a great opportunity to regularly control the dynamics of the driver with transfer learning methods while driving, and to warn the driver in case of possible drowsiness and to focus their attention in order to prevent traffic accidents due to drowsiness. A classification study was carried out with the aim of detecting the drowsiness of the driver by the position of the eyelids and the presence of yawning movement using the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architecture. The dataset used in the study includes the face shapes of drivers of different genders and different ages while driving. Accuracy and F1-score parameters were used for experimental studies. The results achieved are 91 % accuracy for the VGG16 model and an F1-score of over 90 % for each class.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acss-2022-00092022-08-23T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acss-2022-0007<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>The study aims to develop an information-computing complex for computer design of a centrifugal compressor with parallel calculation of stages and optimization of the geometric parameters of the impellers and the diffusers. The paper presents a universal methodology and computerized information system of the main geometry parameter determination and optimization of the centrifugal compressor impellers and vanned diffusers. Optimization of cross-sectional areas of the input and output channels of the impeller and diffuser blade channels is held using a gradient descent method by gas flowrate quadratic integral deviation criteria. The information-computing complex is built on the algorithm proposed by the authors and implemented as a computer program with a human-machine interface. Calculation data are written in the form of numerical arrays with the possibility of interpolating data and obtaining graphical dependencies.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acss-2022-00072022-08-23T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acss-2022-0002<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>The aim of the study is to diagnose Covid-19 by machine learning algorithms using biochemical parameters. In addition to the aim of the study, October selection was performed using 14 different feature selection methods based on the biochemical parameters available to us. As a result of the study, the performance of the algorithms and feature selection methods was evaluated using performance evaluation criteria. The dataset used in the study consists of 100 covid-negative and 121 covid-positive data from a total of 221 patients. The dataset includes 16 biochemical parameters used for the diagnosis of Covid-19. Feature selection methods were used to reduce the number of parameters and perform the classification process. The result of the study shows that the new feature set obtained using feature selection algorithms yields very similar results to the set containing all features. Overall, 5 features obtained from 16 features by feature selection methods yielded the best performance for the K-Nearest Neighbour algorithm with the FSVFS feature selection method of 86.4 %.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/acss-2022-00022022-08-23T00:00:00.000+00:00en-us-1