rss_2.0Sciendo RSS Feed for Acta Medica Transilvanicahttps://sciendo.com/journal/AMTSBhttps://www.sciendo.comhttps://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/6470a96571e4585e08aa2492/cover-image.jpghttps://sciendo.com/journal/AMTSB140216https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/amtsb-2021-0059<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>Fertility is the ability of two cells, the egg and the sperm, to unite in order to conceive a biological child. The aim of this study is to analyse how the fertility rate has evolved demographically since the communist period and until now in Romania. In order to carry out this study, we analysed the data provided by Macrotrends regarding the fertility rate in Romania from the last 71 years (more precisely 1950-2021). The results of the study indicate that, in 1950 Romania had an average fertility rate of 3.25 children per woman. It gradually declined until 1965. In 1967, the number of births doubled to almost half a million new-borns in just 1 year. Such a rate has never been reached, the fertility rate being in a continuous decline until now.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/amtsb-2021-00592022-01-24T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/amtsb-2021-0064<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>Introduction: The work of Romanian Mobile Emergency Service for Resuscitation and Extrication known as SMURD teams is highly dependent on the gravity of a call: the more critical a patient, the shorter the time of reaction is. Emergency teams develop an adapted response pattern dependent on the type of the call that jeopardize the quality of pre-hospital action.</p> <p>Materials and methods: Statistical analysis of SMURD national database on a period of 3 years out of which the average ambulance time of response was calculated for different pathologies, time intervals and type of ambulances.</p> <p>Results: Rescue teams speed their way to an emergency such as road accidents trauma but have a slower response for calls like unconsciousness and respiratory failure. When a cardiac arrest (dispatched as “possible cardiac arrest”) is called, the time response improves by 15%.</p> <p>Conclusions: Emergency Medical Service (EMS) response pattern is built upon experience and encountered dramatic situations and not necessarily as a result of objective medical condition.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/amtsb-2021-00642022-01-24T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/amtsb-2021-0080<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>With the help of dental implants, an oral rehabilitation can be performed not only very complex, but also very complete of various types of edentulous spaces. After insertion of the dental implants, they can be subsequently prosthetically restored through a wide range of implant-supported prosthetic restorations. In this material, we tried to highlight some particular aspects from the point of view of the laboratory stages of dental technique, which intervene in the technological flow of making implant-supported prosthetic restorations from ceramic masses on Zirconia structure.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/amtsb-2021-00802022-01-24T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/amtsb-2021-0074<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the clinical features characterized by progressive and irreversible loss of renal function. The incidence of this pathology is constantly increasing globally, due to the growing number of patients diagnosed with diabetes and hypertension, both diseases generating tubular fibrosis and kidney dysfunction. Through experimental models for the production of tubulo-interstitial fibrosis (TIF), we try to understand deeply and comprehensively the main pathogenic mechanisms that govern the onset, progression and worsening of CKD. Understanding the mechanisms underlying the production of this pathology, one can try therapeutic methods to produce an evolutionary slowdown in CKD and also translate the main benefits in clinical practice, based on these experimental models of basic research.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/amtsb-2021-00742022-01-24T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/amtsb-2021-0079<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>Professionals from different fields are exposed to myo-arto-kinetic disorders, among them those in the medical field with dental profile, respectively dentists, dental assistants and dental technicians. Given that specialists in the field of dentistry are exposed to musculoskeletal risk factors with cervical location, the purpose of this study is to provide data to contribute to an effective kinetic intervention strategy for professionals working in the field of dentistry.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/amtsb-2021-00792022-01-24T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/amtsb-2021-0072<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>Palpation of the thyroid gland, completed by its ultrasonographic examination, is an important method for assessing endocrine disorders caused by insufficient iodine intake. Hypothyroidism (through iodine deficiency) can be one of the main endocrine causes of poor mental and somatic development in children. The data obtained after palpation and ultrasonographic determination of thyroid volume in two groups of children (6-12 years) with small stature from different areas of Sibiu County, a submontane area (endemic) and a hilly area (non-endemic), show statistically significant differences between the values obtained for the two groups. Goiter was present in over half of the children living in the endemic area, a statistically significant percentage, higher than that obtained for the hilly area; thyroid volume values were statistically significantly higher compared to those of non-endemic area. Thyroid volume correlates positively and statistically significantly, both with the auxological indices of children (height and body mass), but especially with their age.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/amtsb-2021-00722022-01-24T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/amtsb-2021-0077<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>Dentistry is a branch of medicine, with specialized care almost exclusively performed in an outpatient basis, with various dental procedures resulting in bleeding. Due to the increase in the average age of patients, the dentist must pay special attention to the associated pathology, pathology that can lead to uncontrolled bleeding or other complications. The incidence of the number of patients with various anticoagulant medication for associated general diseases has increased. Thus, the approach of these patients must be done in correlation with the management of diseases and associated medication. We found it interesting to report the therapeutic conduct in case of tooth extraction in patients whose medication includes warfarin. The dentist should be aware of possible complications in patients under anticoagulant medication, which requires a judicious case selection, with interdisciplinary collaboration, as well as careful management of surgical procedures to minimize the risks of postoperative bleeding.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/amtsb-2021-00772022-01-24T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/amtsb-2021-0058ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/amtsb-2021-00582022-01-24T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/amtsb-2021-0073<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>In rheumatoid arthritis the extra-articular manifestations present a marker of disease severity and are accompanied by increased morbidity and mortality The aim of this paper is to study the relationship between extra-articular manifestations and osteoporosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The study included 130 menopausal women diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis. Bone mineral density was measured at lumbar spine and femoral by means of dual X-ray osteodensitometry. The obtained variables were analysed by bivariate analysis and logistic regression. The mean age was 62.77±7.51 years old. The medium duration of rheumatoid arthritis was 7.91±7.85 years, the frequency of extra-articular manifestations was 25.38%. The frequency of osteoporosis was 44.62%. The frequency of osteoporosis is statistically significantly higher in patients with rheumatoid arthritis who have extra-articular manifestations. The presence of extra-articular manifestations in patients with rheumatoid arthritis should draw attention to the need to determine bone mineral density.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/amtsb-2021-00732022-01-24T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/amtsb-2021-0070<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>Described as a type of soft-tissue tumour with malignant potential, hemangiopericytoma originates at the level of the pericytes, cells located in the walls of the capillaries. Although the etiology is not completely elucidated, it seems that the genetic factor plays an important role in the appearance of this type of tumour. Several cases with autosomal recessive transmission have been described in the literature. It is a formation that can occur at any age, but is more common after the age of 40. In fact, following multiple scientific studies, it has been concluded that the average age of affected people is somewhere around 45 years, while the survival rate at 10 years is 70%. Several cases have also been described in childhood (the percentage of occurrence at this age is between 5 and 10%). The sex incidence is equal. In what follows, I thought of presenting the case of a 90-year-old male person, diagnosed with an infiltrative and vegetative tumour formation located in the cavum, which turned out to be, after the anatomopathological examination, a hemangiopericytoma.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/amtsb-2021-00702022-01-24T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/amtsb-2021-0062<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>Objectives: The aim of this case-control pilot study was to examine whether there are differences in personality characteristics between hypertensive and normotensive individuals in terms of the Five-Factor Model (FFM).</p> <p>Methods: 71 individuals with primary hypertension were compared with 84 normotensive individuals on the DECAS personality inventory, assessing the five basic dimensions of personality according to the FFM.</p> <p>Results: Agreeableness and emotional stability were associated with hypertension (p-0,0001 for both). Hypertensive individuals showed low and very low agreeableness and emotional stability whereas normotensives scored medium and high in these two dimensions. Lower emotional stability was a risk factor for hypertension (OR=4.51, CI 95%=2.18-9.35). There were no significant differences in openness, extraversion and consciousness between hypertensives and normotensives (p&gt;0.05).</p> <p>Conclusion: Individuals with low emotional stability/high neuroticism have more than fourfold increased risk of developing hypertension.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/amtsb-2021-00622022-01-24T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/amtsb-2021-0075<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>Spinal cord injury (SCI) can markedly alter the autonomic nervous system’s functions. It immediately causes autonomic and somatic hypo- or arreflexia, a state known as spinal shock. SCI determines the enhancement of two gastric reflexes that appear in normal conditions: the receptive and adaptative reflexes. Furthermore, this study also tried to evaluate the causes that led to such modifications: either vagal control, nitric oxide (NO)-pathways or intestine-intestinal reflexes. Male Wistar rats (N=25) were subjected to laminectomy (Sham group) or laminectomy + complete Spinal Cord Transection (SCT), between C7 and T1 vertebrae under anesthesia (SCT group). Before the surgery, the rats had water and food ad libitum; after the surgery, rats were fasted for 24 hours, still having access to water. The next day, all animals were subjected to a catheterism of their right carotid artery, a tracheostomy and a flexible balloon introduction down to the stomach’s fundix region, also under anesthesia. Rats were connected to a Power-Lab® system, via a pressure transducer (in order to measure the arterial pressure – MAP - and the heart rate - HR), and to a modified Plethysmometer (in order to measure the fundical gastric volume - GV variation). Vagal control was studied via cervical vagotomy; NO-mediation - via NO synthesis inhibitors (L-NAME); intestinointestinal reflexes - by using laxatives (Lactulone). Statistical analysis revealed, in some cases, that GV is significantly (p&lt;0.05) augmented in SCT rats (2,4±0,09; 3,1±0,05; 3,7±0,06 ml) than in Sham (2,2±0,12; 2,9±0,12; 3,3±0,15 ml). Nevertheless, MAP and HR, were subsequently lower (p&lt;0.05) in SCT (63,5±21,1mm Hg; 227,1±25,2 BPM) than in the control group (88,2±14,4mm Hg; 427,0±19,2 BPM). In summary, the increase of GV in SCT, seems to involve vagal pathways and/or NO-mediation, but still not neglecting the colic-gastric reflexes.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/amtsb-2021-00752022-01-24T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/amtsb-2021-0065<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>The COVID-19 pandemic is a public health emergency of international concern. Due to mandatory social distancing and the lack of effective treatments, telemedicine has become the safest interactive system between patients, both infected and uninfected, and clinicians. During this period, all patients, with acute or chronic conditions, need ways to obtain medical attention other than going to Emergency Room (E.R.) or to the clinic. Telemedicine has been an effective approach for COVID-19 management as it allows to reduce the risk of cross-contamination and provides support to remote rural location. The most optimistic forecasts could not anticipate the impact that a pandemic will have on this medical field, whose financial implications exceeded all expectation.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/amtsb-2021-00652022-01-24T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/amtsb-2021-0061<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>Burnout syndrome refers to the appearance of a physical and mental exhaustion state that occurs as a result of a high stress level, associated with excessive workload. Burnout is characterized by three components- emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal accomplishment. Its diagnosis is established by using the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). According to MBI, burnout is defined by the presence of a high level of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization while personal accomplishment is low. The prevention and treatment of burnout syndrome includes lifestyle changing measures, mindfulness, mental wellness programmes and cognitive behavioural therapy.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/amtsb-2021-00612022-01-24T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/amtsb-2021-0068<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>Omega 3 fatty acids (n-3PUFA) are essential compounds in humans, their biological role being dependent on food intake, mostly of animal origin. In the newborn, n-3PUFA are involved in the formation of membrane phospholipids in the retina and grey matter influencing vision and neurogenesis. The purpose of this review is to study literature data regarding n-3PUFA intake in vegan pregnant women, with beneficial effects and supplementation possibilities. The conclusions of our study confirm the benefits of the vegan diet in pregnant women, as long as nutritional deficiencies are carefully managed through the administration of appropriate dietary supplements.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/amtsb-2021-00682022-01-24T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/amtsb-2021-0069<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>Malignant melanoma is the third most common skin cancer, but it also remains the most aggressive. Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1) is a promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for melanoma, because its expression is important for tumour development. This review aims at highlighting the most recent discoveries regarding CEACAM1 and its correlation to the diagnosis and prognosis of malignant melanoma. National Library of Medicine (NIH) PubMed was used for selecting articles published between 2004-2021, based on their relevance and novelty. With its multiple and somewhat contradictory effects, CEACAM1 seems to influence melanoma invasion, migration, immunomodulation and tumour suppression, serving as a useful diagnostic biomarker and target for therapy. While the incidence of malignant melanoma has been increasing over the last decades without signs of prognosis improvement, it is crucial that new biomarkers for diagnosis and detection of metastatic progression are discovered, and CEACAM1 might be a viable option.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/amtsb-2021-00692022-01-24T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/amtsb-2021-0078<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>Currently, there is no validated monitoring technique for predicting bleeding risk in direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) patients, and the dental literature is based largely on case reports and expert views. This study aims at addressing the following questions: “Should they be stopped before the procedure?” and “What is the correct protocol to follow while ingesting DOACs?” There are presently no dental treatment standards for patients using new oral anticoagulants, and bleeding management recommendations are mainly based on professional opinions and clinical observations rather than well conducted studies or laboratory results. Some of the first DOACs were rivaroxaban, apixaban, edoxaban, and dabigatran. DOACs are now being used to treat patients who were previously taking conventional anticoagulants, and as a result, more dentists will be treating DOAC patients. There is currently no validated monitoring test for estimating bleeding risk in DOAC patients, and the dental literature is primarily on case reports and expert opinions. Prior to dental treatment, it is uncertain whether the DOACs should be continued, partially discontinued for 1 day, or fully interrupted for more than 2 days.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/amtsb-2021-00782022-01-24T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/amtsb-2021-0060<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>In this study, we aimed to determine the factors affecting the loneliness levels of university students studying at vocational schools and to determine the relationship between the loneliness and social support. The data of this cross-sectional study were collected from students studying at a vocational school of a university in Turkey. Data were collected with the “Data Registration Form”, “UCLA Loneliness Scale”, and “Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support”. As a result of this study a high level of loneliness was determined. This study revealed that the gender, the place of residence, the status of receiving scholarships/loans and the education level of mothers significantly affected loneliness perception levels of the students. Another result of this study was that there was no significant relationship between the total score and subscale scores of the multidimensional perceived social support scale and perception of loneliness.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/amtsb-2021-00602022-01-24T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/amtsb-2021-0066<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>The Zurich psychiatrist E. Bleuler first introduced the term schizophrenia. He also pointed out the importance of the patient-doctor relationship and underlined the role of affectivity, division and turning away from reality for the psychopathology of patients suffering from schizophrenia. With this he created the cornerstone on which the integrative treatment of schizophrenia rests to this day. The complex integrative course of treatment of patients suffering from paranoid schizophrenia will be showed in a specific forensic context. In forensic treatment, the legal prognosis is of central importance. A reduction in the increased risk of recidivism for criminal offences can only be achieved if the patient’s mental health is improved and stabilized.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/amtsb-2021-00662022-01-24T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/amtsb-2021-0067<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>Mrs. F.M, a 77-year-old woman with prior diagnosis of Alzheimer disease, temporal lobe epilepsy, conversion disorder and essential familial hypercholesterolemia, presented for 2 months diffuse headache and vertigo, and in the past week, left brachial monoparesis and episodic amnesia become apparent, with progressive worsening and no improvement with medication therapy. The CT/MRI findings constituted a real challenge even for experienced practitioners. This article is hereby designed to meet the needs and necessities of young doctors within BrainIT international summer school.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/amtsb-2021-00672022-01-24T00:00:00.000+00:00en-us-1