rss_2.0Sciendo RSS Feed for Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis. Studia Mathematicahttps://sciendo.com/journal/AUPCSMhttps://www.sciendo.comhttps://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/6470c6d871e4585e08aa5401/cover-image.jpghttps://sciendo.com/journal/AUPCSM140216https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/aupcsm-2024-0005<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>The homotopy type of the complement manifold of a complexified toric arrangement has been investigated by d’Antonio and Delucchi in a paper that shows the minimality of such topological space. In this work we associate to a given toric arrangement a matrix that represents the arrangement over the integers. Then, we consider the family of toric arrangements for which this matrix has maximal rank. Our goal is to prove, by means of basic linear algebra arguments, that the complement manifold of the toric arrangements that belong to this family is diffeomorphic to that of centered toric arrangements and thus it is a minimal topological space, too.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/aupcsm-2024-00052024-11-23T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/aupcsm-2024-0004<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>In this paper we introduce the notion of <italic>δ_µ</italic>-connectedness on a <italic>µ-</italic>proximity space. It has been proved that <italic>δ_µ</italic>-connectedness can be characterized by <italic>δ_µ</italic>-continuous functions. We initiate the idea of <italic>δ_µ</italic>-chain and establish some results related to this. The concepts of <italic>δ_µ</italic>-component and <italic>δ_µ</italic>-quasi component have been introduced and their interrelation has been studied.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/aupcsm-2024-00042024-07-17T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/aupcsm-2024-0003<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>The aim of this article is to introduce the concept of centrally-extended Jordan epimorphisms and proving that if <italic>R</italic> is a non-commutative prime ring (∗-ring) of characteristic not two, and <italic>G</italic> is a CE-Jordan epimorphism such that [<italic>G</italic>(<italic>x</italic>), <italic>x</italic>] ∈ <italic>Z</italic>(<italic>R</italic>) ([<italic>G</italic>(<italic>x</italic>), <italic>x</italic>^∗] ∈ <italic>Z</italic>(<italic>R</italic>)) for all <italic>x</italic> ∈ <italic>R</italic>, then <italic>R</italic> is an order in a central simple algebra of dimension at most 4 over its center or there is an element <italic>λ</italic> in the extended centroid of <italic>R</italic> such that <italic>G</italic>(<italic>x</italic>) = <italic>λx</italic> (<italic>G</italic>(<italic>x</italic>) = <italic>λx</italic>^∗) for all <italic>x</italic> ∈ <italic>R</italic>.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/aupcsm-2024-00032024-03-28T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/aupcsm-2024-0002<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>In this note we provide a complete classification of weak combinatorics of the so-called maximizing line arrangements in the complex projective plane.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/aupcsm-2024-00022024-02-03T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/aupcsm-2024-0001<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>By rewriting the differential entropy in a form of a differ-integral function’s limit, and deforming the ordinary derivative to a fractional-order one, we derive in this paper a novel generalized fractional-order differential entropy along with its related information measures. When the order of fractional differentiation <italic>α</italic> → 1, the ordinary Shannon’s differential entropy is recovered, which corresponds to the results from first-order ordinary differentiation.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/aupcsm-2024-00012024-02-03T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/aupcsm-2023-0012ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/aupcsm-2023-00122023-12-29T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/aupcsm-2023-0011<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>The present paper deals with some existence results for the Darboux problem of partial fractional random differential equations with finite delay. The arguments are based on a random fixed point theorem with stochastic domain combined with the measure of noncompactness. An illustration is given to show the applicability of our results.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/aupcsm-2023-00112023-09-16T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/aupcsm-2023-0010<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>In the present paper, a theorem on <italic>θ</italic> −|<italic>T; δ</italic>|_k summability method of an infinite series is proved, and also by using this method, a result on summability of a trigonometric Fourier series is obtained.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/aupcsm-2023-00102023-09-16T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/aupcsm-2023-0009<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>This study includes the new Banach space <inline-formula id="j_aupcsm-2023-0009_eq_002"><alternatives><graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="graphic/j_aupcsm-2023-0009_eq_002.png"/><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" id="M2"><mml:msubsup><mml:mover accent="true"><mml:mi>ℒ</mml:mi><mml:mo>˜</mml:mo></mml:mover><mml:mi>s</mml:mi><mml:mi>q</mml:mi></mml:msubsup></mml:math><tex-math>$$\tilde {\cal L}_s^q$$</tex-math></alternatives></inline-formula> designed as the domain in 𝓛_{<italic>s</italic>} space of the 4d (4-dimensional) <italic>q</italic>-Cesàro matrix obtained as the <italic>q</italic>-analog of the well-known 4d Cesàro matrix. After showing the completeness of the aforementioned space, giving some inclusion relations, determining the fundamental set of this space and calculating the duals, finally, some matrix transformations related to the new space were characterized.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/aupcsm-2023-00092023-07-31T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/aupcsm-2023-0007<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>In this paper, for getting more results in groupoids, we consider a set and introduce the notion of a right (left) independent subset of a groupoid, and it is studied in detail. As a corollary of these properties, the following important result is proved: for any groupoid, there is a maximal right (left) independent subset.</p> <p>Moreover, the notion of strongly right (left) independent subset is considered. It is proved that there exists a groupoid having a strongly right independent 2-set. Finally, we discuss the notion of dynamic elements with independence.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/aupcsm-2023-00072023-07-25T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/aupcsm-2023-0008<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>In the present work, some Hardy-type integral inequalities were proved for two parameters of summation <italic>q</italic> ≤ <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0 and <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0, <italic>q</italic> &gt; 0. In addition, some two-sided estimates are obtained.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/aupcsm-2023-00082023-07-25T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/aupcsm-2023-0006<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>Based on the notion of thin sets introduced recently by T. Banakh, Sz. Głąb, E. Jabłońska and J. Swaczyna we deliver a study of the infinite single-message transmission protocols. Such protocols are associated with a set of admissible messages (i.e. subsets of the Cantor cube <inline-formula id="j_aupcsm-2023-0006_eq_001"><alternatives><graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="graphic/j_aupcsm-2023-0006_eq_001.png"/><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" id="M1"><mml:mrow><mml:msubsup><mml:mi>ℤ</mml:mi><mml:mn>2</mml:mn><mml:mi>ω</mml:mi></mml:msubsup></mml:mrow></mml:math><tex-math><?CDATA \begin{eqnarray}{{\mathbb{Z}}}_{2}^{\omega }\end{eqnarray}?></tex-math></alternatives></inline-formula>).</p> <p>Using Banach-Mazur games we prove that all protocols detecting errors are Baire spaces and generic (in particular maximal) ones are not neither Borel nor meager.</p> <p>We also show that the Cantor cube can be decomposed to two thin sets which can be considered as the infinite counterpart of the parity bit. This result is related to so-called xor-sets defined by D. Niwiński and E. Kopczyński in 2014.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/aupcsm-2023-00062023-07-12T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/aupcsm-2023-0004<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>In this article, we introduce the notion of centrally-extended generalized Jordan derivations and characterize the structure of a prime ring (resp. *-prime ring) <italic>R</italic> that admits a centrally-extended generalized Jordan derivation <italic>F</italic> satisfying [<italic>F</italic>(<italic>x</italic>), <italic>x</italic>] ∈ <italic>Z</italic>(<italic>R</italic>) (resp. [<italic>F</italic>(<italic>x</italic>), <italic>x</italic>*] ∈ <italic>Z</italic>(<italic>R</italic>)) for all <italic>x</italic> ∈ <italic>R</italic>.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/aupcsm-2023-00042023-07-03T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/aupcsm-2023-0005<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>In this paper, we have discussed the problem of existence and uniqueness of solutions under the self-similar form to the space-fractional diffusion equation. The space-fractional derivative which will be used is the generalized Riesz-Caputo fractional derivative. Based on the similarity variable <italic>η</italic>, we have introduced the equation satisfied by the self-similar solutions for the aforementioned problem. To study the existence and uniqueness of self-similar solutions for this problem, we have applied some known fixed point theorems (i.e. Banach’s contraction principle, Schauder’s fixed point theorem and the nonlinear alternative of Leray-Schauder type).</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/aupcsm-2023-00052023-07-03T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/aupcsm-2023-0002<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>The main result of the paper is the proof of the equivalence theorem for a <italic>K</italic>-functional and a modulus of smoothness for the Deformed Hankel Transform. Before that, we introduce the <italic>K</italic>-functional associated to the Deformed Hankel Transform.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/aupcsm-2023-00022023-04-03T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/aupcsm-2023-0001<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>In this paper, a general theorem gives necessary and sufficient conditions for the inclusion relation between <italic>φ</italic> – |<italic>A</italic>, <italic>β</italic> ; <italic>δ</italic>|_{<italic>k</italic>} and <italic>φ</italic> – |<italic>B</italic>, <italic>β</italic> ; <italic>δ</italic>|_{<italic>k</italic>} methods is proved.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/aupcsm-2023-00012023-03-28T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/aupcsm-2023-0003<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>We give an algebraic description of the set of algebraic points of degree at most <italic>d</italic> over ℚ on hyperelliptic curves <italic>y</italic>² = <italic>x</italic>⁵ + <italic>n</italic>².</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/aupcsm-2023-00032023-05-11T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/aupcsm-2022-0004<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>BCK-sequences and <italic>n</italic>-commutative BCK-algebras were introduced by T. Traczyk, together with two related problems. The first one, whether BCK-sequences are always prolongable. The second one, if the class of all <italic>n</italic>-commutative BCK-algebras is characterised by one identity. W. A. Dudek proved that the answer to the former question is positive in some special cases, e.g. when BCK-algebra is linearly ordered. T. Traczyk showed that the answer to the latter is a˚rmative for <italic>n</italic> = 1, 2. Nonetheless, by providing counterexamples, we proved that the answers to both those open problems are negative.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/aupcsm-2022-00042022-09-25T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/aupcsm-2022-0001<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>The aim of this paper is to present background information in relation with some fractional-order type operators in the complex plane, which is designed by the fractional-order derivative operator(s). Next we state various implications of that operator and then we show some interesting-special results of those applications.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/aupcsm-2022-00012022-03-03T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/aupcsm-2022-0007<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>In this paper we continue our investigation concerning the concept of a <italic>liken</italic>. This notion has been defined as a sequence of non-negative real numbers, tending to infinity and closed with respect to addition in ℝ. The most important examples of likens are clearly the set of natural numbers ℕ with addition and the set of positive natural numbers ℕ* with multiplication, represented by the sequence <inline-formula> <alternatives> <inline-graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="graphic/j_aupcsm-2022-0007_eq_001.png"/> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msubsup><mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:mrow><mml:mo>ln</mml:mo><mml:mrow><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:mrow><mml:mi>n</mml:mi><mml:mo>+</mml:mo><mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:mrow><mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mrow><mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mrow></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>n</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>0</mml:mn></mml:mrow><mml:mo>∞</mml:mo></mml:msubsup></mml:mrow></mml:math> <tex-math>\left( {\ln \left( {n + 1} \right)} \right)_{n = 0}^\infty</tex-math> </alternatives> </inline-formula>. The set of all likens can be parameterized by the points of some infinite dimensional, complete metric space. In this <italic>space of likens</italic> we consider elements up to isomorphism and define <italic>properties of likens</italic> as such that are isomorphism invariant. The main result of this paper is a theorem characterizing the liken ℕ* of natural numbers with multiplication in the space of all likens.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/aupcsm-2022-00072022-12-08T00:00:00.000+00:00en-us-1