rss_2.0Engineering Management in Production and Services FeedSciendo RSS Feed for Engineering Management in Production and Serviceshttps://sciendo.com/journal/EMJhttps://www.sciendo.comEngineering Management in Production and Services Feedhttps://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/6471bf48215d2f6c89daf931/cover-image.jpghttps://sciendo.com/journal/EMJ140216Transport exchanges as transport and forwarding management systemshttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/emj-2024-0010<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
<p>Changes taking place in the economy affect the emergence of innovations. It is primarily technological progress that influences the creation of new solutions. Logistics is one area where innovations and improvements are needed. New solutions are primarily process improvements, the implementation of autonomous vehicles, solutions that help to supervise transport processes, and the effectiveness and costs of their implementation. The greatest benefits of technological progress are the provision of knowledge and information about the journey, the efficiency of a given car and driver, and changes in the market (e.g., information about the demand and supply for given services). This article aims to identify the possibilities of using freight exchanges in transport and forwarding management. It is based on a literature analysis and statistical data from systems dedicated to transport and forwarding, as well as surveys conducted by the author. The article uses analyses of demand, supply and prices based on data from transport exchanges. Possibilities of obtaining information for better management of a transport company were presented. Possibilities of obtaining information for better management of a transport company were presented. The article presents the relationship between the use of the transport exchange and the size of the company, fleet and the number of countries served as part of transport services. The possibilities of using transport exchanges and the possibility of replacing software dedicated to transport and forwarding by the discussed programs were indicated.</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/emj-2024-00102024-07-18T00:00:00.000+00:00The future of European universities on the path to sustainable developmenthttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/emj-2024-0014<abstract>
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<p>The article addresses the issue of the future of European universities on the path to sustainable development. The main aim of the article is to describe foreseeable future directions of the sustainable development of universities and ways to achieve Sustainable Development Goals. In effect, the authors identify weaknesses, assess threats and recommend coordinated solutions and alternatives for the sustainable development of universities. This research will contribute to future work by explaining what the future of universities will look like on their sustainability journey. The results of the Delphi study conducted with the participation of 201 experts from 47 countries allowed for the identification of factors shaping the future of universities on the path to sustainable development.</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/emj-2024-00142024-07-18T00:00:00.000+00:00Investigating challenges and responses in supply chain management amid unforeseen eventshttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/emj-2024-0012<abstract>
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<p>The emergence of increasingly complex global supply networks and the rising risk of unpredictable events may have far-reaching consequences for various industries and the global economy. The impact unpredictable events have on supply chains remains a relatively underexplored area that requires further research and analysis. Current studies primarily concentrate on singular events, particularly the COVID-19 pandemic and its effects on supply chains. This research aims to identify the main challenges in supply chain management resulting from unforeseen events and the actions taken in supply chains in response to them. The research is based on individual in-depth interviews conducted with a purposive sample of experts in supply chain management using a partially structured interview questionnaire. The research results were analysed using Nvivo v. 17.1, software for qualitative data analysis. A hybrid approach was employed for data coding. The research indicates several problems and the main remedial actions in supply chains in response to unforeseen events. Unforeseen events in the supply chain affect almost all supply chain operations: procurement, planning (including inventory planning and maintenance of company resources and production lines), logistics management (including transportation), and order management. The research indicated that cooperation, integration, and information exchange within the supply chain are crucial for effective responses to unforeseen events. Furthermore, the research highlighted the positive impact of unforeseen events on supply chain innovation. Moreover, there is an observed prevalence of intuitive management, particularly when responding to unexpected events. The research findings can serve as a basis for further discussions and studies on the potential impact and consequences of future unexpected events on supply chain resilience.</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/emj-2024-00122024-07-18T00:00:00.000+00:00Towards a taxonomy of design options for augmented reality-based remote service business modelshttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/emj-2024-0018<abstract>
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<p>The aim of this paper is to develop design options for Augmented Reality (AR)-based remote service business models to support the implementation of AR technology for remote services currently taking place in the manufacturing industry. The design options were developed using a qualitative content analysis based on the results of a systematic literature review and on focus group discussions with 19 service-responsible industry experts from 12 German manufacturing companies. The application of a conceptual approach to taxonomy development resulted in a novel morphological framework with a total of 18 dimensions, each with two to six distinct characteristics representing the targeted design options of AR-based remote service business models. Since previous research on AR for remote services has largely neglected the business model perspective, this work makes a significant contribution to this scarcely explored research field by providing a systematic basis for describing and classifying such business models in terms of their design. The results provide industrial practice with the most important aspects to consider when designing AR-based remote service business models.</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/emj-2024-00182024-07-18T00:00:00.000+00:00Assessment of the occupational health and safety management system by qualimetric methodshttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/emj-2024-0017<abstract>
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<p>Requirements of the international standard ISO 45001:2018 were analysed to identify the need for monitoring, measuring and analysing the functioning of the occupational health and safety management system. This analysis has made it clear that the effectiveness of the development and implementation of the occupational health and safety management system depends on the assessment methodology. The study focused on existing studies and publications on the assessment of processes, including those related to occupational safety, assessment methods or qualitative methods, and statistical methods used for assessment. As a result, the topic has been proven relevant, and the goal of the article was determined: to study the possibility of using qualimetric methods for evaluating the labour safety management system. A survey was conducted among workers at a machine-building enterprise to evaluate the occupational health and safety management system. Verbal scales were proposed to process the study results as they allow quantitative ratings to be obtained on the coded scale of the desirability function. The study result is a technique for obtaining a quantitative assessment of the occupational health and safety management system. This technique is universal and can be applied to any enterprise. It can also be used to make managerial decisions regarding the improvement of the occupational health and safety management system.</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/emj-2024-00172024-07-18T00:00:00.000+00:00Framework for assessing the environmental impacts of intermodal transportationhttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/emj-2024-0011<abstract>
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<p>This research aimed to use a sustainable approach based on the internalisation of external cost analysis of intermodal transportation of freight to assess the impacts of these activities on the environment. This research used two approaches to develop a model that illustrates the internalisation of the external cost of freight transport. The first approach was used to calculate the cost of emissions for each route considering the transportation and its’ cost in the country of destination. The second approach calculated the external cost considering only the distance travelled by the vehicle. The results showed that the companies operating in the selected scenarios would have to pay an additional cost for the transportation of goods. The scenarios had different pollutants emitted during the transportation, which means that the negative impact on human health and the environment is evident. The urgency to limit carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere has increased concerns for all activity sectors. Climate change has drawn the attention of governments, companies, and academics, promoting initiatives that mitigate the impact of their activities. The model for measuring emissions was used due to the need for a comprehensive cost analysis to further assess the impact on the environment. Regarding the internalisation of the external cost emissions, the findings showed that different scenarios had a different pollutant emitted during the transportation, which means that the negative impact for human health and the environment is evident. Findings also indicate that to minimise the impact during the transportation, considering the “user-pays principle”, these impacts should be discussed in more detail between stakeholders.</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/emj-2024-00112024-07-18T00:00:00.000+00:00Consumer engagement in sustainable consumption: do demographics matter?https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/emj-2024-0015<abstract>
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<p>This study investigates the relationship between internal and external factors of pro-environmental and pro-social engagement, sustainable consumption behaviour and personal characteristics such as age, gender, financial situation and level of education in the Lithuanian population. A quantitative method was used to collect data from 904 respondents in Lithuania. The study results suggest that women are more concerned about pro-environmental and pro-social issues. In addition, pro-environmental commitment, biospheric values, personal norms and perceived responsibility were important for women. Meanwhile, egoistic values, self-efficacy, social norms, biospheric values, and attachment to place were identified as more important for men. The results reveal that older age increasingly correlates with a stronger expression of place attachment, egoistic values and self-efficacy, pro-environmental and pro-social engagement, and sustainable consumption behaviour. The results of this empirical study allow for identifying the determinants that have the most significant impact on men and women or different age groups. Knowledge of factors that significantly impact pro-environmental and pro-social engagement, which promotes sustainable consumption behaviour as a mediator, can allow policymakers, community representatives or leaders to organise social campaigns and/or provide guidelines for project activities.</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/emj-2024-00152024-07-18T00:00:00.000+00:00Sustainability and Industry 4.0 in the packaging and printing industry: a diagnostic survey in Polandhttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/emj-2024-0013<abstract>
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<p>Industry 4.0 (I4.0) became an important paradigm to bridge the gap between technologies and humans. The paper aims to diagnose sustainability performance and I4.0 maturity in Poland’s printing and packaging sector and identify research areas where further actions for improvements are necessary. This article adopts a mixed-method study combining in-depth interviews of eleven heterogeneous enterprises, supported with a quantitative survey on a representative sample of 301 companies. The findings revealed an insignificant correlation from a statistical point of view (0.44) between the adopted I4.0 technologies currently used and sustainable best practices. Internet of Things technologies are more often adopted in the printing industry (27.2 %) than in the packaging industry (14 %). The study concludes that using I4.0 technologies boosts the execution of sustainable practices and/or realising sustainable development practices requires I4.0 technology adoption. The paper clarifies that more in-depth analyses are needed to help achieve sustainable objectives for printing and packaging companies through digital technologies. The methodology is replicable and might be applied in other economies across separate multinational enterprises to influence sustainable digitalised business strategy.</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/emj-2024-00132024-07-18T00:00:00.000+00:00Analysis of health warning signs on alcoholic beverage packaging using the eye-tracking methodhttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/emj-2024-0016<abstract>
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<p>Producers must mark packaging with various warning signs, including the harm of alcohol consumption. The most popular warnings inform about the required consumer age (e.g., “alcohol only for adults”), consequences of drunk driving (e.g., “don’t drink and drive”), and advisable abstaining from drinking during pregnancy.</p>
<p>The study’s main objective was to analyse the perception of warning signs on alcoholic beverage packaging using the eye-tracking method, which allows the observation and measurement of the focus of study participants. The research positively verified the ability to use the eye-tracking method to assess the perception of warning signs. The obtained research results were used to investigate the perception of warning signs placed on glass beer bottles. The study showed that the presence of pictograms (i.e., graphic symbols) does not guarantee the focus of potential buyers’ attention. The obtained results clearly indicated that the efficiency of perception results from many elements, including the sign’s placement, size and colours, a connection between graphic and textual information, and the colour of the packaging material and label. The study’s results can be useful for non-profit organisations and other entities responsible for the social marketing of alcoholic beverages. Moreover, the study could be seen as a starting point for researchers, beverage packaging industry representatives, and policymakers to test, introduce and promote packaging innovation solutions. The research filled the gap by providing a better understanding of the effectiveness of warning signs on alcoholic beverage packaging and furnished clues as to how alcohol stakeholders and public institutions should react to enhance alcohol health literacy in society.</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/emj-2024-00162024-07-18T00:00:00.000+00:00Process security methods and measurement in the context of standard management systemshttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/emj-2024-0019<abstract>
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<p>The main purpose of the paper is to identify ways to establish process security in the constantly changing risk and control environment and to introduce a new model. The research is based on a literature review of process security components. Qualitative content analysis was used to establish a linkage between the certified management systems and the level of process security. Elaborations have been conducted based on the survey data of the International Standards Organisation (ISO) and served as a basis for analysis of certification types and their sectoral division in the European Union (EU) member states. A new Balanced Scorecard has been developed to cover the security pillars in the context of standard management systems and serve as a framework for process security measurement. The research paper processes the state-of-the-art issue of process security, introduces components that help to establish process security, and establishes a linkage between the level of process security and certified management systems. An analysis was based on the ISO certification information related to different management system standards. Management systems were analysed in the context of process security and corresponding process performance measures. A brief walkthrough has been prepared to demonstrate the processes behind the underlying performance measures. A new Balanced Scorecard approach has been developed that maps and covers different security aspects retrieved from and linked to different management system standards. The new Balanced Scorecard based on different security aspects of entities can be leveraged by any organisation, regardless of its size or business profile.</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/emj-2024-00192024-07-18T00:00:00.000+00:00Supervised multilabel classification techniques for categorising customer requirements during the conceptual phase in the new product developmenthttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/emj-2024-0003<abstract>
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<p>The research aims to provide the decision-maker with a framework for determining customer requirements during product development. The proposed framework is based on sentiment analysis and supervised multilabel classification techniques. Therefore, the proposed technique can categorise customer reviews based on the “product design criteria” label and the “sentiment of the review” label. To achieve the research goal, the research presented in this article uses the existing product development framework presented in the literature. The modification is conducted especially in the conceptual stage of product development, in which the voice of the customer or a customer review is obtained from the scraping, and a multilabel classification technique is performed to categorise customer reviews. The proposed framework is tested by using the set data on women’s clothing reviews from an e-commerce site downloaded from <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="http://www.kaggle.com">www.kaggle.com</ext-link> based on data by Agarap (2018). The result shows that the proposed framework can categorise customer reviews. The research presented in this paper has contributed by proposing a technique based on sentiment analysis and multilabel classification that can be used to categorise customers during product development. The research presented in this paper answers one of the concerns in the categorisation of needs raised by Shabestari et al. (2019), namely, the unclear rules or main attributes of a requirement that make these needs fall into certain categories. Categorising customer requirements allows decision-makers to determine the direction of product development to meet customer needs.</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/emj-2024-00032024-04-11T00:00:00.000+00:00Sub-disciplines in management sciences: criteria of sub-division in theory and research practicehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/emj-2024-0001<abstract>
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<p>This paper aims to identify the key criteria for distinguishing sub-disciplines in management sciences and evaluate their application in national and international science classifications. Documents from 16 different countries and areas were studied semantically. Triangulation was used to study 16 sub-discipline classifications and survey expert opinions among 31 representatives of management sciences from Poland and China to achieve the paper’s purpose. Based on the results, the classifications use various criteria for categorising sub-disciplines, with the key criteria being (1) resources, (2) activity areas, (3) management concepts and methods, and (4) types of organisations. Meanwhile, the extent of their use is well in line with the expectations of the management sciences community representatives participating in the survey. The paper proposes a theoretical framework of 13 distinguishing criteria and characterises 16 classifications of sub-disciplines in management science from different countries. The theoretical considerations provide a good insight into the logic of creating a classification of sub-disciplines. They also provide a better description and understanding of the role of research specialisations in building the identity, organisation, and development of the management sciences community. The results align with a discussion on improving the classifications of management sciences’ sub-disciplines. They are essential in identifying future and promising research specialisations within management sciences. They are helpful in the process of reviewing and/or placing particular research issues or problems in specific sub-disciplines of management sciences.</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/emj-2024-00012024-04-11T00:00:00.000+00:00Knowledge transfer in interim management projectshttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/emj-2024-0004<abstract>
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<p>This study aims to define the role of knowledge in a triad of factors determining effectiveness in Interim Management (IM) projects. The discussion is based on the authors’ research concept, which, in addition to knowledge, also explores the categories of trust and power. A longitudinal study using the empirical-inductive approach was conducted in Poland between 2019 and 2021. It included ten enterprises that implemented IM projects in the studied period. The results presented in this article confirm the importance of the empirically adopted study factors, including the transfer of knowledge between the Interim Manager and the client’s (organisation’s) project team. A significant relationship between the level of knowledge and the levels of trust and power emerges as particularly evident. Research can be continued to verify the authors’ initial findings and include the proposed research tools and entities representing different sectors, management cultures and geographical regions in search of additional variables and their correlations with trust, power and knowledge. The research conclusions may prove applicable to both Interim Managers (IMs) and their clients (organisations). They can be used not only for pre-project planning but also during the IM projects.</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/emj-2024-00042024-04-11T00:00:00.000+00:00Performance evaluation method of the service quality dimensions using Six Sigma metrics, the main components’ quality indicator and the geometric capacity indicatorhttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/emj-2024-0005<abstract>
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<p>This research aims to propose an evaluation and monitoring method with the Six Sigma performance metrics, the main component quality indicator, and the geometric capacity indicator to control service quality dimensions. The research was quantitative and evaluative. It was developed using primary historical information on the quality criteria of hotel service in twelve periods of 2019. It was possible to demonstrate that the geometric indicator was the most demanding capacity with a value of 0.91163, followed by the multivariate main components’ indicator with a value of 0.9559, establishing as a relevant finding the integrality of the three performance criteria to evaluate a service. Topics of service quality, Six Sigma metrics, multivariate main component and geometric capacity indicators were addressed as a theoretical foundation. The research provides a unique contribution in the form of an innovative and efficient continuous improvement method, which makes services more reliable and accurate. Univariate and multivariate statistics were intensively used to evaluate and improve the dimensions of a service from different perspectives. This method has not been considered from the same approach despite its great usefulness in quality control.</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/emj-2024-00052024-04-11T00:00:00.000+00:00Circular manufacturing and Industry 5.0. assessing material flows in the manufacturing process in relation to e-waste streamshttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/emj-2024-0009<abstract>
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<p>The article aims (1) to evaluate material flows in the manufacturing process reflecting the level of circular manufacturing of European Union countries and (2) to estimate the relationship between the level of circular manufacturing and the volume of e-waste put on the market, illustrating the implementation effect of Industry 5.0 technologies. A systematic country classification was created according to development conditions for environmentally sustainable enterprises and trends in e-waste volumes. Multidimensional data analysis and the linear ordering method were used to achieve the research objectives. The dynamics of changes in the identified variables were analysed using dynamics indexes and the average annual rate of change. Relationships were estimated using Pearson’s linear correlation coefficient. The main research result is the estimated synthetic development measure illustrating the level of circular manufacturing in the context of material flows. Significant differences were observed between the synthetic development measure values representing the level of circular manufacturing in European Union countries. This means countries’ circular manufacturing levels are significantly higher than others. Moreover, the values of correlation coefficients were estimated between the level of circular manufacturing and the volume of e-waste put on the market and between the average annual rate of change of the synthetic development measure and the average annual rate of change of the e-waste volume. The coefficient values do not confirm a statistically significant relationship between the indicated variables. Most countries have average conditions for developing environmentally sustainable businesses, but at the same time, they show negative trends in the volume of e-waste generated.</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/emj-2024-00092024-04-11T00:00:00.000+00:00Evaluation of the technological structure of the work programme of construction companieshttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/emj-2024-0008<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
<p>The commercial performance of a construction company (CC) largely depends on the planned work programme. The annual CC work programme is a set of objects of a specific purpose and structure (a building system). The programme has the following characteristics: first, the number of objects; second, the construction technologies provided for in the projects (fully prefabricated, monolithic, brick, etc.); third, the variation of work scopes among objects; and fourth, the construction technology. These CC work programme features are interrelated, i.e., aligned with each other, forming the technological structure (TS) of the CC work programme. Once these attributes were formalised, four partial indicators were obtained: the first assesses the variation in construction objects’ sizes; the second — their number; the third — the number of applied technologies; and the fourth — the technologies. The importance of these indicators was assessed to combine them into an indicator of the technological structure of the annual CC work programme. Its quantitative assessment has scientific and practical importance, providing an opportunity to analyse its impact on the results of commercial activities, to improve the organisational management structure of the company, etc.</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/emj-2024-00082024-04-11T00:00:00.000+00:00Supply Chain 4.0: what the supply chains of the future might look likehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/emj-2024-0006<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
<p>The article mainly aims to try and create a new concept for developing logistics and supply chains in the era of Industry 4.0. Analyses of development trends in logistics and production management were used to create the new logistics and supply chain concept. Conclusions were used from the analyses of how the modern concepts of Industry 4.0, Logistics 4.0, Supply Chain 4.0, and 5.0 work. Analyses of the benefits of applying modern management concepts in these areas were carried out and criticised because of their inadequacies, which became apparent during the recent crises in the world. Although the sources of the crises were different, they could be eliminated by reconfiguring logistics systems and supply chains. The results aim to answer three questions: (1) Has the time come to change the current way of looking at logistics and supply chains? (2) What could Supply Chain 4.0 look like using Industry 4.0 tools? (3) How should Supply Chain 4.0 address the logistics and supply chain challenges? The presented answers do not exhaust the topic but rather open up a discussion on logistics and supply chains of the future. The presented concept allows for a completely new global and local view of logistics chains. The structure of the presented model can be subjected to scenario analysis using agent-based simulation modelling due to the structure’s emergent nature. The new approach can significantly benefit the development of local production centres and global supply networks. The benefits mainly come from reducing the environmental impact of manufacturing and logistics processes from the moment the new product idea is conceived.</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/emj-2024-00062024-04-11T00:00:00.000+00:00Gerontechnology ranking using the TOPSIS methodshttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/emj-2024-0007<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
<p>Population ageing is a major challenge affecting the future of science and technology policy and governance in industrialised societies. In this context, a key element is ensuring adequate protection, safety and care for older people when needed. The solution to enable active and healthy ageing is innovative technologies called gerontechnologies, which support older people. However, there is a knowledge gap regarding the systematic analysis and evaluation of gerontechnologies, which requires research in theoretical and empirical aspects. There is a need to focus on developing and supporting gerontechnologies to help older people reach their full potential in different spheres of life. Research should focus on analysing these technologies, their effectiveness and their impact on the quality of life of older people. This paper evaluates, analyses and builds a ranking of several selected technologies: (1) the wheelchair based on artificial intelligence Wheelie7, (2) the humanoid Rudy Robot, and (3) the wristband/watch VitalBand. The research was conducted in Poland. Based on a literature review, the authors identified relevant technologies to improve the quality of life of older people. These technologies were then assessed by people over 40 against various criteria. This age group was chosen because the issues of gerontechnology concern these people now in the context of their parents using the technology and being potential users of gerontechnology in 20–30 years. The study answered the following research questions: (1) What are the criteria for evaluating technologies that enhance the quality of life for older individuals? (2) How were the selected gerontechnologies evaluated? (3) How should the TOPSIS method be applied to build a ranking of gerontechnologies? (4) Which of the selected gerontechnologies was rated the highest by potential users?</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/emj-2024-00072024-04-11T00:00:00.000+00:00Evaluating the current state of Digital Era Governance application in local government units in the Małopolska regionhttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/emj-2024-0002<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
<p>The study aims to determine the implementation degree of Digital Era Governance (DEG) in selected local government units (LGU) of Małopolskie Voivodeship and to show differences in the effectiveness of digitalisation in LGUs depending on the level of local government, i.e., the county and the municipality. The study employs a model of digital maturity intended specifically for public administration. This model assesses six dimensions of digital maturity, namely, digitalisation-focused management, openness to stakeholders’ (partners’) needs, digital competencies of employees, digitalisation of processes, digital technologies, and e-innovativeness. The study results indicate that the examined local government units in the Małopolska region suffer from a low level of digital maturity. In particular, the results show that the implementation of digital technologies and the digital competencies of staff are the most developed dimensions of digitalisation in the examined local government units. In turn, e-innovation and process digitalisation are the least developed areas and require further improvement. Additionally, digital maturity is lower at the municipal than county level. These findings confirm the thesis that New Public Management affects the development of local government and highlights the increasing role played by Digital Era Governance. In contrast to most studies on public administrations, this study focuses on the local government level. It employs the original model of digital maturity in the field of public administration. This study intends to contribute to the concept of Digital Era Governance by focusing on the digitalisation of LGUs.</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/emj-2024-00022024-04-11T00:00:00.000+00:00Investigation into the Key Barriers to Achieving UK “Construction 2025” Strategy Targetshttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/emj-2023-0032<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
<p>The “Construction 2025” is a United Kingdom (UK) Government Strategy introduced in 2013 to improve the construction industry in the United Kingdom by meeting outlined performance targets by 2025. However, with only a few years left to reach the targets, it is unclear how much industry is advancing to meet them. This paper reviews the progress to achieve the Strategy targets. The data collected from 96 UK construction professionals was utilised to assess the key barriers to achieving the UK “Construction 2025” Strategy targets. Results indicate that industry professionals are uncertain about reaching the reduction in overall cost and time targets by 2025. However, they are more positive about reducing greenhouse gas emissions and the trade gap. In terms of the key barriers, the results revealed a reluctance to adopt change, lack of implementation of new technology, fragmentation in the industry, and failure to adopt modern construction methods as the key barriers to the Strategy targets. The research is the first attempt at a comprehensive assessment of the progress and barriers to the UK “Construction 2025” Strategy. The results reinforce the call for government initiatives to transform the industry.</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/emj-2023-00322023-12-29T00:00:00.000+00:00en-us-1