rss_2.0Sciendo RSS Feed for The Scientific Bulletin of Electrical Engineering Facultyhttps://sciendo.com/journal/SBEEFhttps://www.sciendo.comhttps://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/6502cbf19533d63467d5e1cb/cover-image.jpghttps://sciendo.com/journal/SBEEF140216https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sbeef-2023-0004<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>One of the maximum popular renewable electricity assets is photovoltaics. Grid-connected photovoltaic structures are designed to generate as a lot strength as possible. Photovoltaic systems have nonlinear traits imposed with the aid of environmental factors consisting of radiation and temperature, making it hard to operate at the most power factor. It may additionally be tough to extract the maximum amount of electricity due to the formation of nearby maxima because of other factors which include shading or degradation. There are several MPPT algorithms and approaches that may be used for this. Publications with comparative analyses have also been released. However, in most of these works, comparisons are based on simulations or literature review. From the simplest to the most complex MPPT methods, empirical validation remains important. The two simplest and most widely used MPPT techniques are the perturbation, open-loop, and incremental conductance algorithms. The three most challenging ones are sliding mode control, backstepping controller, and particle swarm optimization. Therefore, five MPPT algorithms are empirically studied in this paper. Under test settings, Matlab/Simulink was used to conduct experimental experiments. The findings demonstrate that under ordinary operating circumstances, the backstepping algorithm is the only one capable of finding the global MPP under the influence of local shadowing. </p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sbeef-2023-00042023-09-14T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sbeef-2023-0006<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>The paper presents a study on the effects of thermal aging on a low-voltage cable. Cable samples with a length of 50 cm were subjected to thermal cycling from +140 °C to −20 °C in a climate chamber with controlled temperature. This treatment compares the short-term failure or the emergency overload of some cables under real operating conditions at low temperatures. The effect of the temperature cycle is investigated through electrical measurements such as dielectric spectroscopy, voltage response measurements, and mechanical measurements such as Shore D hardness investigation. The results revealed that the thermal cycles of accelerated aging caused the plasticizer to diffuse into the jacket and then be released into the environment. At the same time, the thermal shocks produced microcracks in the cable jacket, accelerating the removal of the plasticizer. </p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sbeef-2023-00062023-09-14T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sbeef-2023-0002<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>Nowadays, Small quadcopters have made significant advancements in recent years, thanks to the development of control systems, the availability of sensors, and affordable and reliable materials for their production. Additionally, programs have been developed to model and analyze these aircraft before production. The professional applications of quadcopters are seemingly endless due to their many advantages. The aim of this research is to build a quadcopter and test its stability utilizing Arduino Mega, IMU sensor (Inertial Measurement Unit) and MPU-6050 in LabVIEW environment. The objective is to select the suitable PID parameters and create a remote-control program that can be operated using a smartphone and RemoteXY app on Android OS. </p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sbeef-2023-00022023-09-14T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sbeef-2023-0005<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>This paper article aims to explore the study of different network topologies using Cisco Packet Tracer as the primary investigative tool. </p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sbeef-2023-00052023-09-14T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sbeef-2023-0007<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>In this paper, studies concerning the changes brought by gamma radiation on some PVC plates were made. The respective samples were exposed to gamma irradiation, at room temperature and different doses, such as (10, 20, 40, 80) kGy. The changes in the irradiated PVC plates’ properties were studied by UV-Vis, electrical measurements, and SEM analysis on non-irradiated and irradiated samples. The results show that gamma irradiation affects the properties of PVC plates. This degradation leads to the appearance of free radicals, the interruption of polymer chains, reticulation, and the decrease of molecular weight. </p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sbeef-2023-00072023-09-14T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sbeef-2023-0010<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>EEG headsets are a wearable electronic device used for electroencephalography, a monitoring and recording process of the electrical activity of the brain. The electrical signal of the brain is measured with the help of EEG sensors that have a precise accuracy and facilitate the graphic illustration of the characteristics of the brain’s activity, this technology promising for the future other significant benefits for the clever development of people’s health and lifestyle. This article provides an analysis of the advantages of electronic devices that use EEG sensors bring, how this technology works, and presents effective solutions for modernizing the brain. </p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sbeef-2023-00102023-09-14T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sbeef-2023-0008<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>With the growing popularity of the Internet of Things (IoT), the development of applications harnessing this technology is becoming increasingly widespread and accessible. Moreover, high-performance, and real-time applications necessitate the use of a low-latency protocol. Given these factors, this study aims to analyse Message Queue Telemetry Transport (MQTT) protocol used in combination with WebSocket for IoT applications. The comparison employs experimental tests used to determine data transfer capabilities, latency, and other performance metrics. </p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sbeef-2023-00082023-09-14T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sbeef-2023-0012<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>Proximity sensors are devices found in many fields of activity from the automotive area to robotics and beyond. Among them, proximity sensors occupy an important place due to their low price and reliable response. They are found in a wide range of sizes and detection distances. In this work, a comparative study was carried out on two constructive solutions - one shielded and one unshielded. The response provided by the sensor was followed through a 2D FEMM analysis varying a series of parameters: the material from which the target is made, the distance between the target and the sensor, as well as its operating frequency. The results highlight the influence of these parameters by changing some quantities of a magnetic nature such as the spectrum of the magnetic flux density, the magnetic energy stored by the target, respectively the inductance of the sensor coil. </p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sbeef-2023-00122023-09-14T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sbeef-2023-0009<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>The Internet of Things (IoT) represents a paradigm shift, ushering in an era of technological innovation characterised by an array of novel services. IoT applications, with their potential to harmoniously merge the cyber and physical worlds, are nearly boundless. However, despite the extensive efforts put forth by standardisation bodies, alliances, industries, and the research community, a myriad of challenges remains to be addressed for IoT to reach its maximum potential. This paper presents a possible solution by merging the advantages of the LabView development medium with the lightweight communication provided by the MQTT protocol. </p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sbeef-2023-00092023-09-14T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sbeef-2023-0011<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>The paper presents the study and implementation of a thermal scanning system that collects and transmits in real time the thermal data of scanned objects for their constant monitoring using an infrared temperature sensor and an Arduino Nano board. The application is made with the Arduino IDE, with the help of which the control of the Arduino board, sensors, screen, and LEDs connected to the platform is conducted. The sensors create the overall image of the thermal scan and send it to the Liquid-Crystal Display Thin-Film Transistor (LCD TFT) screen, and if an anomaly occurs, the red LED lights up. </p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sbeef-2023-00112023-09-14T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sbeef-2023-0001<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>This paper investigates an experimental study of photovoltaic PV modules behavior (SM110-24) connected to the low-voltage grid (230 V / 50 Hz) with a three-phase inverter. In order to ensure maximum power point tracking (MPPT), The input voltage is delivered via a DC/DC converter that is controlled by the Fuzzy Logic Technical FLC to ensure maximum power MPPT. The control system of the setup is designed for the extraction of maximum power. The primary aim of this investigation is to synchronize the two sources namely PV-grid, using the Phase Locked Loop PLL command with the injection of an alternating current into the network whose aim is stabilizing the system and minimizing the cost of the energy consumed by the load. In this study, the authors have taken into account the real kWh price of the Algerian society of distribution of electricity (Sonelgaz) as the basis for their research. The simulation results obtained by utilizing the MATLAB software show that the proposed system exhibits high performance and flexibility, indicating its potential usefulness for practical applications in the future. </p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sbeef-2023-00012023-09-14T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sbeef-2023-0003<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>The increasing use of drones in various fields has led to their popularity in developed countries due to their ease of use and manufacture. This Miniature Pilotless Aircraft has numerous beneficial usages such as express shipping, gathering information, crop monitoring, cargo transport, storm tracking, geographic mapping of inaccessible terrain, search and rescue operations, among others. This study aims to investigate the stability of a quadcopter through simulations based on the mathematical model that describes the quadcopter’s dynamic and flight mechanics, using the Euler-Lagrange approach. It conducts simulations in MATLAB and present the principles that govern quadcopter stability, focusing on setting the PID coefficients to achieve optimal stability. This study provides insights into the principles of drone mechanics and stability, enabling us to better understand the quadcopter’s behavior and performance. </p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sbeef-2023-00032023-09-14T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.1515/sbeef-2016-0001<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>Choanal atresia is the most frequent nasal congenital malformation, which, depending on the unilateral or bilateral location, has a different symptomatology. The diagnosis is confirmed through the patient’s medical history, nasal endoscopy and imagistic examination (computed tomography). The treatment is surgical and aims the (fibrous and bone) tissue disintegration which blocks the choana, and is performed through endoscopic surgical techniques. The blocked area is maintained functional by mounting a stent at the choanal tunnel level. The authors aim to describe their own experience regarding both the diagnoses as well as the treatment of this pathology, the results being compared to those from the quoted literature. The surgical technique differs depending on the type of choanal atresia: bone or membranous. The duration to maintain a fix position of the stent and the material used for the stent represent the variables which provide the success of the endoscopic surgical intervention of the choanal atresia. Subsequently, the patient is followed up at 2, 6, 12 months in the first year and then annually until 18 years of age. Choanal atresia is solved through endoscopic surgical techniques by mounting a silicone stent which shall be maintained in position for a minimum period of 3 months. The endoscopic approach of the unilateral choanal imperforation is the method of choice with minimum complications, increased success rate and fast recovery.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.1515/sbeef-2016-00012016-11-02T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.1515/sbeef-2016-0002<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title><p> The aim purpose of this paper is to analyze the efficiency of active filtering equipment use for a large industrial consumer connected to the national power system. Based on data acquisition system the technological process of the consumer is identified and modeled, and then is optimized from energy consumption point of view. The compensation of power factor by reducing the consumption of reactive power and the filtering methods for current harmonics are due by using active filters. The measurements of the power quality parameters with active filter installed, being compared with the ones without filter, confirm the results of research and clearly demonstrate the effectiveness of the implemented solution. To prove the effectiveness of the investment is developed a financial and economic calculation, making a benefit and cost ratio, calculation which clearly proves the profitability of this investment.</p></abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.1515/sbeef-2016-00022017-04-06T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.1515/sbeef-2016-0025<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>This paper illustrates the importance of control on energy saving opportunity in electrical drives systems. The paper’s objective is to develop an optimal control law for a variable flux drive systems with induction machines. The optimal control provides dynamic regimes with minimum input energy and performs the minimization of the copper losses from induction motor. The solution of the problem uses optimal control theory and the numerical integration of the matrix Riccati differential equation. The synthesis of the optimal energetic control law is accomplished by comparing, via simulation, the two control methods: conventional and optimal.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.1515/sbeef-2016-00252016-11-02T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.1515/sbeef-2016-0016<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>This paper deals with a new coaxial linear permanent magnet motor. For a designed physical model of this motor, the representative magnetic spectrums are determined: the spectrum of the excitation field provided by cylindrical permanent magnet, and the spectrum of total magnetic field given by superposition of permanent magnet field and of energizing coil field.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.1515/sbeef-2016-00162016-11-02T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.1515/sbeef-2016-0011<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>This paper purposes to provide an user-friendly intelligent tool, integrating fuzzy controllers and multi-agent techniques, able to motivate and to support behavioral change of energy end-users, having as main objective to re-define the role of energy consumer in “prosumer” in the context of a reorganized decentralized energy market, now reported to intelligent grids (smart grids). Integration of interactive technologies in a decision support system for microgrids energy management optimizes: functioning from an economical point of view, active control of distributed generation, controlled consumption, loading the storage equipment. The added value of the proposed tool consists of integrating decision theory and artificial intelligence concepts in monitoring and control actions, allowing “prosumers”: to make energy usage data accessible and to demonstrate that energy savings can be achieved without compromising comfort levels.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.1515/sbeef-2016-00112016-11-02T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.1515/sbeef-2016-0010<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>The development of rechargeable electrochemical sources, especially those based on Li-ion technology, has opened the way for their use in various fields ranging from electronics and IT to electric cars. New ideas appear, such as using replaced the batteries from electrical vehicles in the development of energy storage devices for critical consumers such as Data Centers. New uses impose detecting the unfavorable operating conditions which may endanger the power supply of Data Centers. This paper, by modeling and simulation, analyzes some particular problems of Li-ion batteries that appear due to the differences in state of charge of the cells.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.1515/sbeef-2016-00102016-11-02T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.1515/sbeef-2016-0007<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title><p> The advance in the field of augmented reality (AR) allows newer approaches to traditional activities, such as service, maintenance or intervention in various field operations. The idea of this paper is to present the design for an innovative AR platform which is currently under development and is designed to be used in Electrical Power Stations. Field data from sensors and additional information stored in QR tags placed on equipment’s are transmitted to a server and from here to the AR equipment’s carried by the intervention personnel. In this case, real time data can be displayed, enhancing the perception of team members and providing additional info that can help them to fulfill their mission.</p></abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.1515/sbeef-2016-00072017-04-06T00:00:00.000+00:00https://sciendo.com/article/10.1515/sbeef-2016-0017<abstract> <title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> <p>This paper presents a project-oriented laboratory. It is intended to provide an educational and research environment that stimulates innovative solutions in the growing field of Bioengineering. The authors took the advantages of the emerging technology and the increasing popularity of wearable biomonitoring devices, to teach students the key elements regarding the application of Information Technology in health monitoring. The students were involved in a complex project, along which they gain basic knowledge about the software development for biomonitoring, and apply it to effectively develop common structures and software applications. There are presented the stages of the laboratory work, with illustrations of the applications implementation at different levels of the hierarchy, starting from collecting data from the biomonitoring device, and finalizing with the data visualization by the end-user.</p> </abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.1515/sbeef-2016-00172016-11-02T00:00:00.000+00:00en-us-1