rss_2.0Slovak Journal of Civil Engineering FeedSciendo RSS Feed for Slovak Journal of Civil Engineeringhttps://sciendo.com/journal/SJCEhttps://www.sciendo.comSlovak Journal of Civil Engineering Feedhttps://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/6473808a4e662f30ba53ff96/cover-image.jpghttps://sciendo.com/journal/SJCE140216A Comparative Study: Impact of Fibers on the Interfacial Shear Strength of Geopolymer Concretehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sjce-2024-0026<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
<p>Cement, which is a significant component of concrete, is used in construction. Unfortunately, during the manufacture of cement, considerable amounts of CO2 are released into the atmosphere. CO2 is the primary greenhouse gas responsible for global warming; finding alternatives to cement is essential to reduce CO2 emissions. Primarily due to its high carbon dioxide emissions, the environmental impact of OPC has prompted the search for sustainable alternative binders. Geopolymer concrete, an eco-friendly substitute, has gained attention for its potential to significantly reduce the carbon footprint associated with construction materials. Constructing large-scale structures with mass concrete leads to the formation of interfaces and joints, thereby creating potentially weak points prone to cracking. These connections may link concrete of various strengths or interface with diverse construction materials, such as steel. Ensuring a cohesive performance in composite concrete structures requires robust bonding at these interfaces, which is typically achieved using shear ties. However, an excess of these ties can hinder construction efficiency. To tackle these challenges concerning the effectiveness and structural stability of the construction, this study aims to assess the effects of polypropylene, steel, and glass fibers on the interfacial shear strength of geopolymer concrete by understanding how these different fibers influence the mechanical properties of geopolymer concrete. It was observed that with the addition of the fibers, strength was increased up to the threshold limit; after that, it was reduced. The results of the investigation showed that the shear strength increment of steel fiber-reinforced GPC is a maximum of 72%; for glass fiber, it was 19%.</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sjce-2024-00262024-12-30T00:00:00.000+00:00The Positive impact of Greenery on the Mental and Physical Health of the Elderly: A Case Study in the Design of a Hospital Gardenhttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sjce-2024-0023<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
<p>The positive effects of greenery on human health have been studied for centuries. Knowledge and application of these benefits can be used in hospitals and retirement homes. Residents of these facilities are often mentally or physically disabled; hence creating a suitable exterior area in accordance with the scientific findings of the health benefits of greenery could improve the mental and physical states of the elderly and improve overall living conditions. Nature has calming effects and soothes our minds by driving away attention from the stressful problems of everyday life. Green colour, sounds of birds, water, and leaves decrease levels of stress and contribute to mental well-being. Free access to nature or gardens decreases the bad tempers of the elderly and improves memory and the overall state of patients with dementia. It reduces anxiety and stress, which are precursors for cardiovascular diseases. It helps prevent fall-related injuries and improves mobility and cognitive function. Consequently, contact with nature improves the quality of life, decreases the need for taking medicine, and could prolong life expectancy. As a case study, we present a design of the revitalisation of a hospital garden for the elderly in Bratislava city district of Podunajské Biskupice. It puts the knowledge of these benefits and the needs of various types of patients to practice, so that the garden could be used as an effective healing tool and as a calming area for patients as well as the staff and visitors.</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sjce-2024-00232024-12-30T00:00:00.000+00:00Comparison of Eco-Hydrological Limits as Water Scarcity Indicators for the Water Balance Inventory of Slovakiahttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sjce-2024-0025<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
<p>Various methods for determining environmental flows can be based on hydrological characteristics, a combination of morphological and hydrological characteristics, or solely on hydraulic characteristics. Such methods may also be based on multi-criteria decision-making, where a low flow regime and its variability are considered. The methods for determining environmental flows as hydrological limits (sometime called desktop methods) are solely based on hydrological statistics and are believed to implicitly incorporate links to the state of river ecosystems. In the paper, we compared the performance of several methods in the set of the 137 official water balance inventory profiles of the Slovak Hydrometeorological Institute, which are evenly distributed over the territory of Slovakia. The analysis also accounted for the dependence between hydrological characteristics and environmental flow values. We also compared the frequency of the occurrence of their critical values (ecohydrological) in the reference periods 1931-1960 and 1991-2019. We proposed an intermediate system of regionalized relationships based on simple Tennant methods, which does not disturb the existing system of water allocations and uses in the water balance inventory.</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sjce-2024-00252024-12-30T00:00:00.000+00:00Incorporating Waste Plastic Bottles as an Additive in Asphalt Mixtures through a Dry Methodhttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sjce-2024-0024<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
<p>The rise in plastic waste is attributed to the varied types and sizes of containers used for liquids like mineral water, oils, detergents, etc. This increase in solid waste, which is driven by population growth, developmental activities, and changes in lifestyle, has led to a significant global issue. Plastic waste, known for its durability and lack of aesthetic appeal, poses a challenge in its disposal. This study aims to explore the Marshall engineering properties of asphalt mixtures infused with recycled plastic from water bottles (polyethylene terephthalate or PET) at concentrations of 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, and 1% relative to the weight of the aggregates. The findings indicate that the inclusion of plastic improves the asphalt's stability to a certain point, beyond which its effectiveness diminishes due to the excessive plastic content. The study establishes that incorporating 0.5% plastic into the asphalt mixture meets all the criteria of the Marshall test, including stability, flow, air voids, VMA, and VFA. Therefore, it is concluded that 0.5% is the optimal percentage for the addition of plastic to enhance the Marshall properties of an asphalt mixture.</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sjce-2024-00242024-12-30T00:00:00.000+00:00Twin Rooms – Experimental Facility for Research on Advanced Facadeshttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sjce-2024-0022<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
<p>New or advanced materials, improved structures in construction, and environmental technological principles are being concurrently and constantly implemented across various individual scientific and engineering disciplines. The field of facade engineering is also enriched with these elements, which are combined into larger units and thus create developed modules. These advanced facade modules need to be researched and tested from several perspectives. The testing and evaluation of building envelopes occur in either static boundary conditions (a laboratory) or dynamic conditions (climatic) in real time. The choice of testing method depends on the specific purpose or the phenomenon investigated that is related to the construction of the building envelope.</p>
<p>In 2023, the newly developed Twin Rooms experimental facility was finished and put into operation. The Twin Rooms facility is based on a test cells principle intended for experimental verification, which means it is designed for experimental research on advanced facade elements in dynamic boundary conditions and is focused on the thermal engineering and energy efficiency of buildings. The test cells comprise two identical laboratory rooms and a compensation space inside of a container; as with research on pavilions, they all maintain the same indoor climate. Only the facade elements of the modules tested are exposed to the outdoor climate; such an arrangement makes it possible to determine an exchange of energy between the testing room and the outside environment only through the facade element. This article provides an overview of the experimental equipment, outlines the basic technical parameters of its technological circuits, and details the methodology employed in the experimental measurements.</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sjce-2024-00222024-12-30T00:00:00.000+00:00Behavior of Modified Coastal Soil using Corex Slag and Hydrated Lime: A Laboratory Investigationhttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sjce-2024-0021<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
<p>The current study aims to determine the impact of lime and Corex slag on the strength, durability, and compaction properties of coastal soil from Gujarat, India. Twelve mixes of soil with Corex slag (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%) and lime (2% and 4%) were added to determine their suitability as admixtures for stabilizing the subgrade layer. The Atterberg limits, free swelling index (FSI), compaction characteristics, California bearing ratio (CBR), durability, and unconfine compressive strength (UCS) of the stabilized soil with different curing days (0, 7, and 28) using standard Indian procedures were determined for the flexible pavement’s subgrade layer. The test results show that Corex slag positively affects the maximum dry density (MDD), optimum moisture content (OMC), and soil plasticity. Furthermore, the findings demonstrated that the strength properties and durability were effectively improved after stabilization. The strength of the stabilized coastal soil significantly improved as a result of the binding gel formation, according to examinations using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sjce-2024-00212024-12-30T00:00:00.000+00:00Assessment of the Filtration Stability of the Flood Control Levee on the Little Danubehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sjce-2024-0020<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
<p>Some of the accompanying phenomena of climate change that have been documented include extreme hydrological events. These significantly influence the hydrological regime of river basins, leading to more frequent occurrences of hydrological extremes such as floods and periods of drought (Melo et al., 2012, Svoboda et al., 2000). Long-term drought periods highlight the urgency of constructing water structures to create large-capacity artificial reservoirs to ensure water supplies during periods of scarcity. Intense short-term rainfall events underscore the increased need for flood control measures. Flood control levees are a significant component of flood control measures (Kotaška and Říha, 2023). Many of them, such as the Danube flood control levees, whose construction dates back to the reign of Maria Theresa (Pekárová et al., 2013; Halmová and Pekárová, P 2020), have been in operation for centuries. Considering their age, the long-term impact of hydrodynamic loading, as well as changing conditions, including hydrological, morphological, geological factors, etc., these water structures require attention. They include the right-bank flood control levee of the Little Danube River. This paper focuses on an analysis of the risk factors for the filtration stability of the levees’s subsoil under extreme hydrodynamic loading and the methodological approach applied in optimizing planned measures.</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sjce-2024-00202024-12-30T00:00:00.000+00:00Non-Uniform Torsion Behavior of Thin-Walled Beams According to the Finite Element Methodhttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sjce-2024-0014<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
<p>This study is based on a theory for analyzing non-uniform torsion in thin-walled beams made of homogeneous elastic material with arbitrary cross-sections by incorporating the effect of the shear deformation of a cross-section. Utilizing the Finite Element Method (FEM), the proposed numerical approach addresses non-uniform torsion by breaking down a 3D analysis into 2D cross-sectional and 1D modeling components. Initially, the geometric constants of the cross-section were computed using a 9-node isoparametric element in 2D FEM. Subsequently, a 1D FEM employing a linear isoparametric element calculated the twist angle, torsion warping parameters, and stress results. The stress field was determined through a local analysis of the 2D cross-section. Notably, the 2D FEM component aligns with contemporary trends in commercial software, thereby bolstering the potential and practical applicability of the proposed numerical approach. Its verification and validation through numerical analyses using MATLAB underscore the efficacy and reliability of the method in analyzing non-uniform torsion behavior in structural design, particularly under diverse boundary conditions.</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sjce-2024-00142024-10-04T00:00:00.000+00:00Experimental Study on the Evacuation Behaviour of a Crowd Through Bottleneckshttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sjce-2024-0016<abstract>
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<p>The growth of cities is very fast and is often very difficult for urban development. Pedestrian dynamics in this context are very important when designing a facility in terms of the safety, economics, and level of service to its users. The present study focuses on analysing the effect of density and width of a bottleneck on the behaviour of a crowd under emergency conditions. The inclusion of a buffer space for the dispersion of a crowd through a bottleneck is analysed. A relationship is established between total times, the flow and, a specific flow versus the width of a bottleneck. The formation of a dynamic layer was observed during capacity conditions due to the zipper effect. Among the five types of distributions, a semi-random distribution was the better fit for the headway data observed. It was observed that capacity increases in a stepwise manner as the width of a bottleneck increases, which can be attributed to the formation of dynamic lanes. The distance between these lanes is independent of the width of the bottleneck.</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sjce-2024-00162024-10-04T00:00:00.000+00:00Effect of Polypropylene Fiber on the Strength Properties of Geopolymer Concrete Activated with Water Glasshttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sjce-2024-0015<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
<p>Cement, which is a significant constituent in concrete, plays a crucial role in the construction industry. The manufacturing process of cement releases substantial amounts of CO<sub>2</sub>, thereby contributing to environmental concerns. To address this issue, geopolymers have emerged as promising alternative substitutes to ordinary Portland cement. However, one of the challenges in utilizing geopolymer binders is the need for activators to initiate the polymerization process. Sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide solution are commonly used activators, but ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS) reacts quickly with these activators and reduces the setting time. In order to arrest quick settings and enhance the efficiency of concrete production, “water glass” is used as an activator. The present study investigates the flexural and split tensile strength of geopolymer concrete by optimizing the dosage of polypropylene fibers for different mix proportions of GPC activated with water glass. The optimum dosage of fibers was obtained by the addition of different dosages of polypropylene fibers ranging from 0, 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6% and 0.8%. The results from the investigation revealed a consistent augmentation in compressive strength with the incremental addition of fibers up to a threshold of 0.6%; beyond this point, the strength exhibited a dimin-ishing trend, while the flexural strength and split tensile strength were enhanced from 25% to 45% with the addition of an optimum dosage of polypropylene fibers. By optimizing the material formulations and mix proportions, it is possible to achieve a superior performance by minimizing the environmental impact on the construction industry.</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sjce-2024-00152024-10-04T00:00:00.000+00:00Settlement Analysis of the Nivy Tower in Bratislava by the Finite Element Methodhttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sjce-2024-0017<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
<p>A settlement analysis of a new high-rise building, the Nivy Tower, in Bratislava, Slovakia, is presented in this paper. A 3D finite element model was prepared. A non-linear elasto-plastic material model with double hardening and increased stiffness in a small-to-very-small strain range was adopted for the Tertiary (Neogene) subsoils. Due to the lack of an appropriate in-situ test, the results from a 1D compression test were used for the calibration of the soil input parameters. However, the results from these tests, especially in the primary loading, are often biased due to the effects of soil disturbance during the preparation of the sample. Therefore, a different procedure has been proposed, in which the stiffness parameters were obtained from unloading-reloading branches of 1D compression tests. It could be concluded that the predicted and measured settlements are in a reasonable match for all the points measured. The computed distributions of the vertical displacements and those measured by sliding micrometres show greater differences from a depth of twenty meters beneath the foundation slab.</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sjce-2024-00172024-10-04T00:00:00.000+00:00Modelling the Entry Capacity Reduction Factor and Pedestrian Movement Analysis at Roundabouts: A Case Study of Tier-II Cities in Indiahttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sjce-2024-0018<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
<p>The present study is aimed at developing an entry capacity reduction factor model for roundabouts in developing countries. The study covers four Tier-II cities in India, namely, Ranchi, Rourkela, Bhubaneswar, and Nagpur. The explanatory variables are: the circulating vehicular traffic flow, pedestrian flow, and the diameter of the central island. A multiple non-linear regression (MNLR) analysis was utilised; it has an R<sup>2</sup> of 0.946 and 0.961 for the development and validation of the model. With an increase in influencing variable levels such as circulating vehicular traffic flow by [(50, 100, and 150) PCU/hr], pedestrian flow by [(50, 100, and 150) Ped/hr], and the diameter of central island by [10,20,30) m]; the Capacity Reduction Factor rises by (15%, 30% & 35%), (10%, 15% & 20%) and (25%, 35% & 45%) respectively. Further, the Equilibrium Probability Method (EPM) has been employed to analyse pedestrian movement patterns at roundabouts while they are crossing the streets. ‘Children’ and ‘Seniors’ cross the street almost at the same speed, but more slowly than ‘Young People’. The study could be helpful for the operational evaluation of roundabouts by incorporating pedestrian behaviour.</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sjce-2024-00182024-10-04T00:00:00.000+00:00Physical-Mechanical and Durability Properties of Concrete with Lightweight Artificial Aggregate Produced by Controlled Self-Burning of Waste Coal Tailingshttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sjce-2024-0019<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
<p>The goal of this research focusing on the burning of coal tailings to produce a lightweight artificial aggregate is to compare the physical-mechanical and durability properties of concrete containing this new type of artificial aggregate with those of the reference concrete. The following parameters are measured on all the samples: compressive strength, volume mass, the static modulus of elasticity in compression, the frost resistance of this new type of concrete, and the resistance to CO<sub>2</sub>. All the concretes tested with the new artificial aggregate exceeded the characteristic strength values in all the strength classes monitored. The volume mass of the concrete with the new artificial aggregate is tens of percentages lower than that of the conventional reference concrete. The frost resistance of the concrete tested was reliably proven by the non-destructive resonance method. It was also found that at the lower strength classes of concrete, carbonation occurred earlier, but there was no obvious direct relation to the porosity of the new artificial aggregate. The tests performed showed that it is possible to produce high - quality concrete using a new lightweight artificial aggregate produced from coal tailings</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sjce-2024-00192024-10-04T00:00:00.000+00:00Construction Management by Controlling the Design and Curing Time of a Concrete Mixhttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sjce-2024-0012<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
<p>The interval of time after pouring concrete is an important factor, which directly affects the timing and cost of construction. The case study that was investigated in this research, is a tunnel project located in Iran. Eighteen mix designs were prepared using properties such as different water-cement ratios and the use of two types of superplasticizer with different dosages. The optimal mix designs among the samples were separately specified.</p>
<p>Concrete mix designs with different curing ages were made to specify the minimum curing time in which the concrete could gain the required compressive strength. Moreover, the concrete’s compressive strength was measured for different ages in order to determine the minimum time interval. For a better insight, two mathematical equations were derived to estimate the minimum curing time and time interval. Finally, a statistical analysis was conducted in order to determine the proper time intervals. Moreover, the analysis specified the impact rate of the research parameters (i.e. the type and dosage of superplasticizer, curing time, and water-cement ratio) on the compressive strength</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sjce-2024-00122024-07-03T00:00:00.000+00:00Experimental Analysis of the Post-Fracture Behaviour of Laminated Glass With Bolted Connectionshttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sjce-2024-0009<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
<p>Ensuring the sufficient residual resistance of glass structures after the failure of one glass ply to the failure of all the glass plies is an integral part of the design of glass structures. This paper presents an experimental study of bolted connections in laminated glass during three stages of a glass specimen: an intact glass specimen, a specimen with one ply of glass broken, and a specimen with both plies of glass broken. The effect of the type of glass was observed. The experiment proved that laminated glass made from thermally-toughened glass with bolted connections in its unfractured state has significantly higher resistance than laminated glass made from annealed glass. In a state of both plies of glass broken, the specimens made from annealed glass showed a higher residual resistance than specimens made from thermally toughened glass. The performance at this stage was also influenced by the temperature and loading speed. The expected strength of the glass was calculated on the basis of numerical models.</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sjce-2024-00092024-07-03T00:00:00.000+00:00Experimental Measurements in Schools with Natural Ventilationhttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sjce-2024-0010<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
<p>Facilities for children and young people should be established in a healthy environment that is protected from external health-damaging factors, such as noise, air pollution, and negative educational influences. A school building should also be a safe and healthy environment for pupils and students, as legally required. However, although some school buildings have been renovated, most were constructed in the last century, and their indoor microclimate remains unsatisfactory. Schools must maintain optimal thermal and humidity conditions to ensure the healthy development of children and their ability to function properly in a classroom. While natural ventilation through opening windows is a good practice, it may not always guarantee sufficient air exchange, especially for schools located in busy traffic areas. This paper presents experimental measurements and a comparison between two primary schools in Bratislava, which describes the current thermal and humidity conditions in the indoor environment of both schools. Experimental measurements were carried out on five school days in each primary school to determine the thermal-humidity conditions and indoor air quality, depending on the concentrations of carbon dioxide.</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sjce-2024-00102024-07-03T00:00:00.000+00:00Panels of Cold-Formed Steel Profiles: Possibility of Their Use to Repair War-Damaged Large-Panel Buildingshttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sjce-2024-0008<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
<p>In the paper, we present the results of an analysis of data samples of 282 damaged buildings; the samples include the age of the building, the type of vertical bearing structures, the type of construction of the external walls, the method of the insulation of the walls, the number of floors, the buildings’ functions, and the extent of the damage. The primary objective of the analysis was to evaluate the possibility of using panels of cold-formed thin-walled steel profiles to repair the damaged structures. The results of a study of typical projects of large panel buildings that were constructed in Ukraine and an analysis of the practical experience of repairing these types of buildings after blast actions can also be found. The research tasks are defined for implementing this technology in the process of repairing large panel buildings.</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sjce-2024-00082024-07-03T00:00:00.000+00:00Some Properties of a Cementitious Mortar Containing Granulated Rubber Waste and Brick Fillers: An Experimental Study, Mathematical Modeling and Optimizationhttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sjce-2024-0011<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
<p>The objective of this study is to assess the impact of incorporating rubber tire waste and brick fillers as a substitute for sand in cement mortar samples. The evaluation includes measurements of the bending strength, dynamic modulus of elasticity, and displacement. The replacement of sand by rubber waste (RW) and brick waste (BW) at 0%, 10%, 20% and 30% for rubber waste and 0%, 2.5%, 5.0%, 7.5%, and 10% for brick waste by volume was experimentally conducted. According to the findings, the introduction of rubber waste leads to a significant reduction in the flexural strength, dynamic modulus of elasticity, and displacement. The brick waste can be considered a suitable filler, which minimizes the negative effect of rubber tires and tends to result in suitable mixtures. The optimal values (10.10% for the RW and 10% for the BW) showed good agreement with the experimental results, with differences of 1.85%, -4.73%, and -4.48% for the displacement, flexural strength, and dynamic elastic modulus, respectively.</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sjce-2024-00112024-07-03T00:00:00.000+00:00A Methodology for a Comprehensive Evaluation of an Urban Transport Network Structure Using Geographical Information Systems (GIS)https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sjce-2024-0013<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
<p>The transportation network is the most important component of an urban infrastructure. The efficiency of a region’s transportation system can be understood by the effectiveness of its transport network arrangement. The current study employs Geographical Information Systems (GIS) to assess the structure of a transport network in various clusters of the Hyderabad Metropolitan Area (HMA). The study focuses on a thorough assessment of the transport (or) road network structure in terms of various criteria such as connectivity, accessibility, maturity, and development. The study also categorizes each Transport Network Structural Evaluation Criteria (TNSEC) level as “very low, low, medium, high, or very high”. The goal of this research is to create a Road Network Structural Performance Index (RNSPI), which is usually used to measure the efficiency of a study area’s transportation network structure. The study’s findings serve as a foundation for city transportation planners to put efforts in the planning to enhance network facilities in the study region. The study also investigates the utility of Arc GIS software in assessing the structure of an urban transport network.</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sjce-2024-00132024-07-03T00:00:00.000+00:00A Simplified Approach for the Evaluation of the Non-Visual Potential of Daylight in Side-Lit Roomshttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sjce-2024-0003<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
<p>This article reports on the development, validation, workflow and implementation of a simplified method for evaluating the non-visual (melanopic) potential of daylight in typical side-lit rooms. The method is suitable for climatic areas with a dominant occurrence of cloudy skies. The non-visual daylight evaluation tool is based on a modified average daylight factor method. A simplified daylighting model improves the calculation of the vertical daylight factor and the passage of daylight through a vertical lighting opening. The proposed calculation method makes it possible to determine the illuminance of a vertical plane in the interior. The method is based on the uniform sky and the external diffuse horizontal illuminance at the location of interest. The outputs of the tool can also be used to quickly estimate visual levels of daylight. The article also proposes a classification of the availability of melanopic daylight in side-lit rooms, which is based on the outputs of the proposed calculation method.</p>
</abstract>ARTICLEtruehttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/sjce-2024-00032024-03-30T00:00:00.000+00:00en-us-1